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When you are forced to leave your home due to crisis and conflict and move to a new country, you may experience many losses that cause grief. Most of us think of grief happening in the period following the death of a loved one. Grief is a strong and overwhelming sadness that can impact your mind, body, and spirit.  
 
Certainly, after the death of a loved one, grief is expected. But it is normal and natural for people to grieve other types of losses too:
 
<ul>
<li>Separation from loved ones: Leaving family and friends who were often there during times of difficulty and celebration.  </li>
<li>Jobs and careers: It may be hard to re-enter your profession in the U.S. or find certain qualifications don’t easily transfer to the U.S. job market.</li>
<li>Home and possessions: You leave familiar streets, sights, and smells. You might also leave behind a sense of belonging and identity. </li>
</ul>
 
Grief can look very different from person to person: 
 
<ul>
<li>Different types of emotions, like numbness, sorrow, denial, anger, yearning, bitterness, hopelessness, guilt, and more. People can move through multiple emotions related to grief in a day or week, or they may go through different emotional phases of grieving. </li>
<li>Physical pain and illness, such as headaches, fatigue, nausea, joint pain, poor sleep, elevated blood pressure, and nausea.  </li>
<li>Changes in behavior: Grief can make us not want to be around others, be more angry or irritable, less patient, less interested in or able to connect with others, and decrease our ability to function. </li>
</ul>
 
There is no right way, or one way, to grieve. Although grief does tend to lessen over time, there is no right length of time to grieve. 
 
If you are experiencing grief, be patient with yourself and know that coping with loss takes time. Here are some tips to help you cope: 
 
<ul>
<li>Reach out to people you trust and who can support you. This may be faith leaders, friends, or family.  </li>
<li>Make time for things that comfort you or help you cope, like prayer, exercise, and deep breathing.  </li>
<li>Stick to a routine. This includes getting up and going to bed at the same time every day, making sure you have regular meals, and drinking plenty of water. </li>
</ul>
 
Pay close attention to how you are feeling and functioning over time. If many months have passed and you find you are feeling worse or less able to function, you may want to reach out to your doctor or a counselor for more support. If you find you are unable to get out of bed, take basic care of yourself, or are having thoughts of not wanting to live, it is important that you reach out for support right away. You can call 9-8-8 or your local crisis line for more support.

Coping with Grief and Loss 

The U.S. Fair Housing Act is a federal law that protects people from discrimination when they are renting or buying a home, getting a home loan, seeking housing assistance or engaging in other housing-related issues. This law makes it illegal to discriminate against a person or family seeking housing because of their race, color of skin, national origin, religion, sex (including gender identity or sexual orientation), familial status or disability. The law applies to most private housing and all government subsidized housing.
 
If you feel that you have been or are being discriminated against or harassed when you are searching for housing—or even while living in your present home —you are encouraged to file a complaint with the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). If you file a complaint, it is also illegal for a landlord or property owner to retaliate against you or any witnesses.
 
If you need help determining if you are the victim of housing discrimination or need help filing a complaint, visit this <a href="https://www.justice.gov/eoir/recognized-organizations-and-accredited-representatives-roster-state-and-city">U.S. Department of Justice website</a> to locate an organization near you that participates in the HUD Fair Housing Initiatives Program (FHIP). These organizations may be able to speak to the housing provider on your behalf, conduct an investigation to help determine if you experienced discrimination, or otherwise provide you with information and assistance.
 
If you have questions about this process, message us: <a href="https://m.me/SettleInUS">https://m.me/SettleInUS</a>
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service (CWS) under an agreement paid for by the U.S. departments of State, and Health &amp; Human Services.

Housing Discrimination and U.S. Law  

The United States is in a housing crisis, with not enough affordable homes for everyone who needs them. When newcomers are searching for housing, it is important to understand the minimum features (needs versus wants) that you or your family will require—and that you can afford on your monthly budget. Here is a guide to help you search for housing that fits your needs and budget.
 
Housing Size
The number of bedrooms will be listed in the description of a housing advertisement. In the United States, it is common for two people in a family to share a bedroom. Young children can share a bedroom, but it may not be appropriate for adolescents of different genders to share one bedroom. It is also important to know that local governments regulate the number of people who are allowed by law to live in a particular housing unit, based upon the number of bedrooms. The maximum amount of people allowed in one housing unit will also most likely be written in the <a href="https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/7565895015069">lease</a>.
 
Calculate the minimum number of bedrooms your family will need before you start your housing search. For example, if your family consists of a married couple, two adolescents of different genders and two small children, you might be searching for housing with four bedrooms. If you are a married couple with two small children, you would be searching for two-bedroom housing. If you are a married couple with no children, you would be searching for either one-bedroom or studio housing. (Studio housing consists of a single room that includes a kitchen and a sleeping area). 
 
Accessibility Requirements
Your housing search should consider any accessibility requirements for a disabled family member. For instance, a family member in a wheelchair would need housing that could accommodate wheelchairs. Families with a blind member may need housing appropriate for the sight impaired. Families with very young children may require housing with an elevator. When searching for housing, these features may be listed in the housing advertisement. If they are not listed, you can inquire with the real estate agent, the property manager or the property owner.
 
Location
Most newcomers to the United States will not have a vehicle or a driver’s license. If there is no access to a car, the housing search should consider locations that are near public transportation or are considered “walkable” or “bikeable” for access to work, food stores, schools, laundry facilities, medical facilities, houses of worship and other important locations. To find out if it would be realistic to live without a car at a certain address, neighborhood, city or town, type in the location at the website <a href="https://www.walkscore.com/">Walk Score</a>. It is also important that in the search for housing, newcomers feel safe in a neighborhood they are considering to make their home.
 
Knowing what you require regarding housing size, accessibility requirements and understanding facts about the neighborhood will help you narrow your search for housing that you can afford.
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service (CWS) under an agreement paid for by the U.S. departments of State, and Health &amp; Human Services.

Housing Priorities for Newcomers to the United States 

Moving to a new country can be very difficult. In addition to regular family responsibilities, you have many new things you need to do, like learning a new language and getting a job. Most people new to the United States also have worries about money. Some may be worried about the safety of their loved ones. These difficulties and worries create stress in the body and mind. If stress is not managed, it can impact your health, well-being, and relationships.  
 
Coping skills are the ways people manage stress. There are two types of coping skills: 
<ul>
<li>
Negative Coping Skills – These are things we do that are unhealthy like alcohol, drugs, overeating, sleeping too much, and isolating from others.  </li>
<li>
Positive Coping Skills – These are things we do that are healthy to clear our head or calm our body. </li>
</ul>
When we have a lot of stress in our lives, it is important to avoid negative coping skills and use positive coping skills to stay healthy for ourselves and our loved ones.  
 
Getting Started Using Coping Skills 
First, find what coping skill or skills work for you. Common coping skills include: 
<ul>
<li>Exercise like walking, running, biking, dancing, or going to the gym </li>
<li>Deep breathing exercises </li>
<li>Practicing mindfulness  </li>
<li>Stretching </li>
<li>Prayer or meditation </li>
<li>Writing in a journal </li>
<li>Drawing, painting, or sketching </li>
<li>Connecting with others </li>
</ul>
Ask yourself, what do I already do that makes me feel calmer, at peace, or gives me strength?  
If you cannot think of anything, you may want to try something new.  
 
Second, schedule 5 to 15 minutes daily to use the coping skill you selected for one week. This may be when you first get up, after dinner, or before you go to bed. Set an alarm on your phone or on a clock to remind you it is time to use the skill. It may be hard to find the time, but if you don’t schedule time, you are less likely to use these skills.  
 
Third, use the coping skill you selected. Pay attention to how you felt before using the skill and how you felt after. Did you see any difference?  
 
Fourth, at the end of the week, take some time to reflect. How did it feel to do these exercises for a week? Would you like to continue with the coping skill you chose, use another one, or rotate several?  
 
When we have a lot of stress, it takes extra effort to care for ourselves. This means getting enough sleep, drinking enough water, and eating well. It also means taking a few minutes daily to clear our heads and calm our bodies. Even five minutes a day can make a big difference in our health and well-being.

Coping Skills to Help Adults Manage Stress  

Stress is the physical, emotional, or psychological strain from feeling threatened or under pressure. You can experience stress because of life events like a wedding, divorce or an upcoming test, or daily life like caring for children and working. 
 
Stress can be good or bad. 
 
Good stress keeps us safe, motivates us, encourages us to change, or helps us focus. For example, good stress can motivate us to study harder for a test or run faster in a race. 
 
Bad stress is the kind that makes it harder for us to function, leaves us exhausted, and makes us feel overwhelmed. Over time, bad stress can also negatively affect our health, including raising blood pressure, weight gain, and heart disease. 
 
After coming to a new country, people have many kinds of stress. There may be new opportunities, connections, and possibilities. There are also many challenges, including worries about loved ones, paying bills, and learning a language. 
 
Common reactions to stress include poor sleep, headaches, stomach aches, irritability, fatigue, trouble concentrating, trouble remembering, anxiety, and feeling overwhelmed.  Managing stress can help people function better and protect their health. There are many things that you can do to manage stress: 
 
Take Breaks from the News – Events in your home country can cause stress. It’s OK to take breaks from the news. Only watch or read the news for a certain amount of time each day, and make sure not to watch the news at least two hours before bedtime. Try to avoid violent images or videos. 
 
Release Tension from Your Body – You can release tension through exercise, stretching, or deep breathing. When you do these activities, it signals to your body that you are safe and not under threat. These practices help your body return to calm.    Get Enough Sleep – Sleep is one of the most important things you can do to help your body return to calm and repair itself. Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. This will help your body get into a sleep routine. Avoid caffeine, spicy food, and electronics at least two hours before bed for a better night’s sleep. 
 
Take Time to Do Something Stress-Free and Relaxing – Spend time with loved ones, watch a movie, cook, sing, or do anything that is pleasurable to you.    Know When You May Need More Support – Reach out for more support if you feel stressed most of the day for weeks, the stress is making it hard to function, or the stress makes you feel like life is not worth living. You can reach out to a doctor, talk to a religious leader, or contact a resettlement caseworker if you have one. They can tell you about the types of help that may be available to you.  You can also call 9-8-8 or your local crisis line for more support.     To learn more about seeking support, read this Help Center article: <a href="https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/16896764662045">https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/16896764662045</a>

Common Reactions to Stress  

Newcomers should be aware that typical housing in the U.S. will not look like the housing they may have seen on television series, films or in advertisements. Most people in the U.S. live in modest, small homes they often struggle to afford. It is also important to understand that there is a housing shortage in the U.S., and there are not enough homes available for those seeking housing—especially affordable homes. Housing in the U.S. varies widely by location and neighborhood, and is generally expensive in all 50 states and in most neighborhoods.
 
Hotels and furnished accommodations are types of temporary housing commonly provided to newcomers when they first arrive in the U.S. This housing is often located in convenient locations with furniture, cooking utensils, laundry facilities and other amenities included. The long-term housing for which they will be searching soon after will most likely not be furnished, not have household supplies, and it may be in a less desirable location and smaller than their first temporary housing.
 
When searching for long-term housing in the U.S., realistic expectations and compromise are necessary. Location, size, convenience and comfort must align with monthly income. The first home a newcomer can afford to rent may not live up to expectations or be as comfortable as their first temporary housing. However, as income and savings increase, and they become more familiar with the rental search process, it will be possible to upgrade their housing.
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service (CWS) under an agreement paid for by the U.S. departments of State, and Health &amp; Human Services.

What Newcomers Should Understand About Their First Housing in the U.S. 

It is difficult to cope when you are forced to leave your home because of conflict and crisis. It can be especially hard for young children and their parents. Young children might not understand what is happening, and parents may struggle to explain it. Big emotions often appear in the behavior of young children, like tantrums, sleep issues, or trouble being away from a parent. These behaviors can be challenging for any parent, especially for parents coping with stress, loss, and the demands of starting over in a new country. 
 
Sesame Workshop is a non-profit organization that helps young children prepare for school, identify their emotions, and develop coping skills. Sesame Workshop has a television show called Sesame Street and other resources for families, such as videos and coloring books. All the Sesame Workshop lessons, stories, and materials are based on research about what helps children have healthy development and be resilient. 
 
Sesame Workshop launched <a href="https://sesameworkshop.org/topics/displacement-resettlement/resources-in-ukrainian/">Welcome Sesame</a> to help families resettling after conflict and crisis cope with changes and challenges. The website includes videos, songs, coloring books, and advice for parents of young children. Welcome Sesame includes a YouTube Channel with over 50 Sesame Workshop <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8TioFHubWFtb3SmM8D4ApXtktrzC36c8">videos in Ukrainian</a> with many fun lessons about learning and life. 
 
An additional Sesame Workshop <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIn4mhtPTkg4EB-BVtvwNkq_jn5sUs01p">YouTube Channel</a> has short films about Ukrainian identity that a team from Ukraine created. Featuring a diverse group of children, these videos celebrate Ukrainian identity and heritage through music, food, song, dance, crafts, and language. 
 
If you have young children, take time to explore these Sesame Workshop resources and videos. They may be helpful to you in supporting your child and can be fun activities for parents and children to do together.

Sesame Workshop: Supporting Young Children and Families from Ukraine  

Hearing about and seeing images of war and violence is distressing for most people. However, it can be particularly difficult for people who have had to leave home and come to the United States because of conflict and crisis. Parents may especially worry about their children hearing about war or seeing images of violence. 
 
Here are six ways parents can help support their children: 
 
1. Take Care of Yourself – Children, especially younger children, look to their parents for how they should feel. For example, when a parent is visibly distressed and fearful, their children may feel less safe and more afraid. This does not mean that parents should pretend or fake a reaction. Instead, they can consider: 
<ul>
<li>Having a private place and trusted adults where they can express their emotions freely away from their children. This can be with a friend, a religious figure, or a therapist. </li>
<li>Doing something daily to help cope or manage their reactions, such as prayer, meditation, exercise, and breathing techniques. If someone needs help learning new coping skills, or their current coping skills are not working, they can contact their caseworker or doctor to get a referral to a counselor or therapist. </li>
<li>Using words and modeling behavior. When parents explain their emotions and how they cope, it helps children understand what they may be feeling and provides an example for their coping. For example, a parent can explain “I am really sad when I think about what is happening. When I feel sad, I like to talk to a friend to help me feel better. What do you do when you feel sad?” </li>
</ul>
 
When Your Loved Ones are in Harm’s Way – If a parent has loved ones who remain in a dangerous situation, it can be harder to cope. In those situations, parents may want to get more support for themselves and their children. This could be from a support group, a religious figure, or a therapist. Caseworkers, doctors, and school counselors can be good sources for a referral.  
 
2. Understand Common Reactions – Hearing about and seeing images of war and conflict can produce various emotions and behaviors. People may feel more fearful, have trouble sleeping, find it more difficult to concentrate or remember, feel disconnected from others, be angry, have increased anxiety, or have difficult memories resurface. For children, emotions often show up in behavior. Parents may find their children acting out more, throwing tantrums, or having regressive behavior like wetting the bed. It is helpful for parents to know about common <a href="https://www.nctsn.org/resources/age-related-reactions-traumatic-event">Age-Related Reactions to A Traumatic Event</a>, so that they can best respond and support their child. 
 
3. Talk to Your Child – Parents can talk to their child about the situation in an age-appropriate way. Younger children may only need to be reminded that they are safe and the parent is there, but older children may have questions or want to engage in a longer discussion. Parents can start the conversation by acknowledging the situation and asking their child what they know and how they feel. Parents should listen in a non-judgmental way, letting their children know that their feelings and emotions – whatever they are – are valid. Parents should try to stay calm and answer questions to the best of their ability. It’s OK to say they do not know the answer to something. Parents can comfort their child by letting them know they love them, are there for them, and are open to talking. Parents may need to have multiple conversations over time if the situation is prolonged or evolves. 
 
4. Stick to a Routine – Routines help bring a sense of predictability and safety to people of every age, but they are especially important for children. It is helpful to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. It is also helpful to have other routines like regular mealtimes, wash time, bedtime routines, or special weekend activities. These daily and weekly habits help people feel a sense of order and control, and help people care for themselves during times of stress. 
 
5. Spend More Time Together – Parents might need to give their children extra time and attention by doing things as a family like reading a book, playing a game, or cooking together. Parents can also give their children extra hugs, sit close to them, and pat their back – especially if they are younger. This helps remind and reassure children that their parents are there and that they love them.  
 
6. Limit Media – Hearing about or seeing images of war and violence can be distressing and increase fears and anxiety. Parents should try to limit media exposure, especially for younger children. Older children may have more exposure at school or through personal devices like computers or cell phones. Parents should have open and honest discussions about the impact of such exposure and where possible, view it together so parents can answer questions. Parents may also want to consider installing parental filters to prevent graphic imagery, limiting computer or cell phone time, or discussing what websites are appropriate and allowed.

Supporting Your Children During Times of War and Conflict 

It is difficult to cope when you are forced to leave your home because of conflict and crisis. It can be especially hard for young children and their parents. Young children might not understand what is happening, and parents may struggle to explain it. Big emotions often appear in the behavior of young children, like tantrums, sleep issues, or trouble being away from a parent. These behaviors can be challenging for any parent, especially for parents coping with stress, loss, and the demands of starting over in a new country. 
 
Sesame Workshop is a non-profit organization that helps young children prepare for school, identify their emotions, and develop coping skills. Sesame Workshop has a television show called Sesame Street and other resources for families, such as videos and coloring books. All the Sesame Workshop lessons, stories, and materials are based on research about what helps children have healthy development and be resilient. 
 
Sesame Workshop created resources to help families resettling after conflict and crisis cope with changes and challenges. The website includes videos, songs, coloring books, and advice for parents of young children. The materials are available in <a href="https://sesameworkshop.org/topics/displacement-resettlement/resources-in-dari/">Dari</a> and <a href="https://sesameworkshop.org/topics/displacement-resettlement/resources-in-pashto/">Pashto</a>.  
 
If you have young children, take time to explore these Sesame Workshop resources and videos. They may be helpful to you in supporting your child and can be fun activities for parents and children to do together.

Sesame Workshop: Supporting Young Children and Families from Afghanistan  

Social media is a powerful tool that can be helpful or hurtful. Managing your and your family’s social media use helps protect you from harm while allowing you to stay connected and control your private information.  Here are some tips to manage your social media accounts and protect yourself: 
 
Keep it Private – Adjust your social media setting to “private” so you can control who sees your posts and personal information. Ensure your camera, microphone, location, and sync contacts are switched to “off.” Review your privacy settings regularly. 
 
Password Protect – Ensure you have strong and unique passwords for each social media account. This protects you from getting hacked, but if you do get hacked, only one account will be impacted. You can use a password manager to help you have strong and unique passwords. 
 
Stop Before You Share – Just like you wouldn’t hand out personal information to strangers, be very careful about what you share on social media. Never share sensitive information on social media, like your home address, social security number, or banking information. 
 
Be Wary of Friend Requests – Don’t accept friend requests or communicate with someone you don’t know on social media. 
 
Limit Use – Limit your use of social media to a set number of hours each day. Do not use electronic devices, including social media, at least one hour before bedtime to help you sleep better. Stay away from sites or posts that have graphic or violent images. 
 
Protect Your Children – If your children have a smartphone or use social media, you will want to do certain things, so they are safe and protected: 
<ul>
<li>Discuss the risks of using social media, tell them what to be careful of, and when to come to you </li>
<li>Install parental apps on their devices to ensure that certain sites are blocked </li>
<li>Set media settings to private and turn off geolocation features </li>
<li>Make sure their password is shared with you. Explain that access to a smartphone and social media is a privilege, and your access to their account is required. </li>
<li>Limit use by setting a certain number of hours a day they can be on their phones. </li>
<li>Limit smartphone and social media use to common areas in the house where you can monitor their online activity. </li>
</ul>
To learn more about how social media can affect your mental health, read this Help Center article: <a href="https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/17510227613213">https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/17510227613213</a>

How to Protect Yourself on Social Media 

Social media can help connect friends and family, build awareness, spread news, and build new friendships. It can also increase anxiety, isolation, and sleep issues and put people at risk of online bullying or harassment.     If you were forcibly displaced from your home country due to conflict and crisis, the effects of social media can be even larger. Managing how you and your family use social media will help you get the positive benefits of social media while protecting you from the negative ones.  
 
Benefits of Social Media 
Social media refers to online ways people connect, such as Facebook (Meta), Instagram, WhatsApp, X (formerly Twitter), and TikTok. When you must leave your country and live far away from loved ones, social media can help you communicate with friends and family. It can also help you stay connected to culture, community, or celebrations, and keep traditions alive. This can ease feelings of loneliness and separation after moving to a new country. 
 
Social media can also offer timely news and information. This news can be from the country or place you left or in your new community in the United States. This increases your sense of knowledge and control, which helps you make decisions.  
 
You have control over the type of content you see on social media. You can use your social media platforms to increase the content you see related to self-care, mental health, and well-being. You can also choose to see other supportive content, such as positive news, or comforting information and images.  
 
Negative Effects of Social Media 
While social media has many positive benefits, there are also many negative ones. Here are just a few: 
 
<ul>
<li>
Anxiety and Traumatic Stress – It is common to want to stay connected to news from your home country. However, this news can include violent and disturbing images. When you have been through crisis and conflict, seeing these images can re-trigger traumatic stress. Even if you have not experienced violence, seeing too many of these images can have negative impacts on your mental health and emotional well-being.  </li>
<li>
Fraud – This can include someone stealing your identity, gaining access to your financial information, false job offers, blackmail, sweepstakes, and lottery scams. Individuals will sometimes specifically target people that they know are new to the U.S. or who don’t speak English. </li>
<li>
Sexual Abuse and Exploitation – Social media can be one way individuals gain access to young and/or vulnerable people and lure them into sexually abusive situations. Teenagers are particularly at risk. Examples include but are not limited to sending unrequested nude or sexual images; pressuring victims to send sexual images, emails, chats, or texts; threatening to distribute or distributing intimate images, emails, chats, or texts; and luring victims into sex trafficking or sexual abuse situations. </li>
<li>
Cyberbullying and Online Harassment – Online harassment, bullying, intimidation, and hate speech are common on social media and can affect your sense of safety and self-esteem. In some cases, cyberbullying and online harassment have contributed to someone attempting or dying by suicide. </li>
<li>
Misinformation – People can use social media to spread false information and rumors that can hurt others’ trust in institutions or government or cause them to make decisions that are not in their best interest. </li>
</ul>
 
Managing your and your family’s social media use helps protect you from harm while allowing you to stay connected and control your private information. To learn more about ways to protect your mental wellness on social media, read this Help Center article: <a href="https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/17510397939869">https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/17510397939869</a>

How Social Media Can Affect Your Mental Health   

The following is a translation of text <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/uniting-for-ukraine/re-parole-process-for-certain-ukrainian-citizens-and-their-immediate-family-members/frequently-asked-questions-about-the-re-parole-process-for-certain-ukrainians-and-their-immediate">available on the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services website</a>.  
 
Beginning Feb. 27, 2024, certain Ukrainian citizens and their immediate family members paroled into the United States on or after Feb. 11, 2022, will be able to apply for a new period of parole (also known as re-parole) for up to two years. Ukrainian citizens and their immediate family members may apply for re-parole by submitting  <a href="http://www.uscis.gov/i-131">Form I-131, Application for Travel Document</a>, along with supporting documentation and the proper filing fee or  <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-912">fee waiver request</a>. You can submit Form I-131 online or on paper by mail.   
 
To be eligible for re-parole under this process, you must demonstrate the following:  
<ul>
<li>That you are a Ukrainian citizen or immediate family member who was paroled into the United States on or after Feb. 11, 2022; </li>
<li>That there are continued urgent humanitarian reasons or significant public benefit for a new period of parole, including the urgent humanitarian reasons or significant public benefit factors identified above, as well as any additional factors; </li>
<li>That you warrant a favorable exercise of discretion; </li>
<li>That you are physically present in the United States; </li>
<li>That you have complied with the conditions of the initial parole; and </li>
<li>That you clear biographic and biometric background checks. </li>
</ul>
 
You can find your date of parole on your  <a href="https://i94.cbp.dhs.gov/I94/">Form I-94, Arrival/Departure Record</a>. 
 
To File Online: Create a USCIS Online Account if you do not already have one. Information about how to do so is available on <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/file-online/how-to-create-a-uscis-online-account">How to Create a USCIS Online Account webpage</a>. (See also  <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/file-online/how-to-create-a-uscis-online-account/how-to-create-a-uscis-online-account-ukrainian-translation">How to Create a USCIS Online Account in Ukrainian</a>  and  <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/file-online/how-to-create-a-uscis-online-account/how-to-create-a-uscis-online-account-russian-translation">How to Create a USCIS Online Account in Russian</a>.) This will allow you to receive notifications related to the status of your filing. Even if you file by paper, you can add paper-filed cases to your account. As an applicant, click on “My Account” and then “Add a paper-filed case” in the drop-down menu. Enter your receipt number, and you can see your case status and history. 
 
Reminder: <a href="http://www.uscis.gov/ukraine">Uniting for Ukraine</a> parolees are required to attest to completion of all requirements including in their USCIS online account as a condition of their parole: 
<ul>
<li>An attestation that you have completed vaccine requirements or are eligible for an exception to vaccine requirements for measles, polio, and the first dose of an FDA-approved or -authorized COVID-19 vaccine or a WHO-Emergency use listed (EUL) COVID-19 vaccine. </li>
<li>An attestation that you received a medical screening for tuberculosis, including an Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) test, within 90 days </li>
</ul>
 
USCIS Frequently Asked Questions About Re-Parole 
 
What Documents Do I Need? 
Whether you are applying for re-parole online or by mail on paper, you will need to provide documentation to confirm your initial period of parole and identity, including your photo, name, and date of birth. Examples include: 
<ul>
<li>Form I-94;  </li>
<li>A copy of your USCIS-issued Employment Authorization Document (EAD). Include copies of the front and back. It may be helpful to refer to your EAD when you are creating a USCIS online account to ensure consistency in your application; </li>
<li>A copy of both sides of your government-issued driver’s license or ID; and </li>
<li>A copy of the identity (biographical) page of your passport, with English translation and copies of all admission and parole stamps in your passport for entries into the United States.  Please note that children may be included in a parent’s Ukrainian passport; in such cases, the children’s information will not be on the identity page.  </li>
</ul>
If you submit any document containing foreign language to USCIS, you also must include a full English translation that the translator has certified as complete and accurate, as well as the translator’s certification that they are competent to translate from the foreign language into English.  
 
If I have applied for or received Temporary Protected Status, do I need to file for re-parole? 
If you have been granted Temporary Protected Status (TPS), but you have not obtained any other status and you remain an “applicant for admission,” you may apply for re-parole, but you are not required to apply for re-parole. You may want to consult with an immigration attorney or accredited legal representative to determine what is best for your particular situation.   
 
Is there a date by which Ukrainian parolees and their immediate family members should file for re-parole? 
Yes. If your parole has not been terminated, and we have not changed or adjusted your immigration status, you should apply for re-parole before your initial parole period expires. If your parole period expires, you are no longer in a period of authorized stay unless you have been granted an immigration status such as asylum, lawful permanent resident status, or Temporary Protected Status (TPS), or are otherwise in a period of authorized stay such as having a pending asylum application. If your parole period expires, you may no longer be employment authorized unless you have been granted an immigration status that allows you to work, or you qualify for work authorization based on another immigration category.    
 
If USCIS approves a new parole period, will you automatically give me a new Employment Authorization Document? 
No. When you apply for re-parole, you are applying for a new period of parole, not an extension of the initial parole period. If we approve your re-parole application, you must file <a href="http://www.uscis.gov/i-765"> Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization</a>, to apply for a new EAD based on the new parole period. Do not file your Form I-765 before we approve your re-parole application. Eligible parolees will receive an EAD that they can present to their employers for Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification.  
If you receive a Form I-131 approval notice showing a new period of parole, visit the U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s <a href="https://i94.cbp.dhs.gov/I94/#/home">Form I-94 </a>website to view and print a copy of your new Form I-94, which should reflect an updated “class of admission” of “UHP.” 
 
When can I submit Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, to renew my EAD? 
Wait until after we approve your re-parole application to file <a href="http://www.uscis.gov/i-765">Form I-765</a>  in category (c)(11) to apply for a new EAD as evidence of employment authorization for a period consistent with your re-parole period. Do not file Form I-765 before you receive a re-parole approval notice. If you file Form I-765 before we approve your re-parole application, we may deny your Form I-765, and we will not refund the fee.   
You can file Form I-765 either online or by mail on paper. You can use your USCIS Online Account to file Form I-765. If you request a fee waiver request for Form I-765, you must file Form I-765 by paper. You cannot apply for an EAD online if you are requesting a fee waiver.   
 
How can I check the status of my re-parole application? 
If you applied for re-parole by submitting Form I-131 through your  <a href="https://my.uscis.gov/">USCIS online account</a>, you can check the status of your case in your account. We have a short  <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9C3WYVhX0tc">video</a> on how to check your case status in your account. You can also check the status of your case using  <a href="https://egov.uscis.gov/casestatus/landing.do">Case Status Online</a>  and entering your receipt number.  
 
What is the estimated processing time for re-parole applications under this process? 
At this time, we cannot predict what the processing times will be.  Filing online can help reduce processing time in general because you will not have to mail a form to USCIS and you will be able to access notices and upload required information more quickly. Filing online may also prevent common mistakes that we see with paper filings, which cause unnecessary delays.  
 
What if my initial parole expires while my re-parole application is pending? Will you extend my parole while you process my re-parole application? 
After your initial parole expires, you are no longer in a period of stay authorized unless you have been granted an immigration status, such as asylum or TPS, or are otherwise in a period of stay authorized, such as if you have a pending asylum, TPS, or Green Card application. We encourage you to file your re-parole application as soon as possible.  
 
If you grant my re-parole application, will I still be able to receive benefits, such as from the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) for cash and medical assistance? 
Yes, certain Ukrainian citizens and nationals and their eligible family members who last habitually resided in Ukraine are eligible for  <a href="https://www.acf.hhs.gov/orr/fact-sheet/benefits-ukrainian-humanitarian-parolees">ORR refugee benefits and services</a>  if they were paroled into the United States from Feb. 24, 2022, through Sept. 30, 2023. Ukrainian parolees who did not arrive during this time frame are not necessarily eligible for ORR refugee benefits and services, even if they were paroled under Uniting for Ukraine. 
To read more Frequently Asked Questions, visit the <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/uniting-for-ukraine/re-parole-process-for-certain-ukrainian-citizens-and-their-immediate-family-members/frequently-asked-questions-about-the-re-parole-process-for-certain-ukrainians-and-their-immediate">USCIS website</a>.

Re-parole for Eligible Ukrainians 

People who have been forced to leave their country and start over in the United States have often had many difficult experiences and may be separated from family and friends. They may want or need time to heal, recover, and adjust to their new community. However, most people must find a job quickly to pay their bills.  
 
If you are new to the United States, you might face a range of challenges when looking for a job, including: 
<ul>
<li>Searching for a job in a new and unfamiliar language </li>
<li>Finding a job can take many weeks or months. You may have to apply for many jobs and experience rejection when you do not get one</li>
<li>Your previous work experience might not match the type of jobs that are available in the U.S. </li>
<li>Your training and certifications are not accepted</li>
<li>Worry about what type of job you can get, how you will get to work, and who will take care of your children while you are working </li>
</ul>
 
It is common for people to experience a wide range of emotions when looking for work, like sadness, fear, worry, and frustration.  To help stay emotionally healthy while looking for work, it can be helpful to: 
 
<ul>
<li>
Get support finding a job. When you have someone helping you find a job, you can feel more supported and less alone. Most resettlement agencies have programs to help newcomers find work in the U.S. or develop skills to help them find work. If you need support connecting to resources, you can contact the Virtual Resettlement Line (VRL) by calling +1 (212) 551-3010 or emailing VRL@rescue.org.  </li>
<li>
Set realistic goals. Often, the first job you will have in the U.S. will be entry-level, especially if you are not fluent in English. This can be more emotionally difficult for people with certain degrees, work experience, or qualifications. It can be helpful to remember that having a job and doing well at this job will lead to better work opportunities in the future. </li>
<li>
Have a routine. Create a regular schedule to look for work. This should be at least a few hours daily, Monday through Friday. During this time, you can work on your resume, meet with your job counselor, practice English, or fill out applications online.  </li>
<li>
Be patient. It can take months to get a job in the U.S., and you may have to apply for many jobs before you get one.  </li>
<li>
Pay attention to your thoughts. Negative thoughts, such as telling yourself you will never get a job or that you are a failure, will make the job search harder. Remind yourself of other areas of life where you feel successful or things you have done in the past that show you are capable.   </li>
<li>
Take care of yourself. Looking for work is stressful, and you will need to take care of yourself during this time to be able to stay mentally and physically healthy. Make sure you get plenty of sleep, drink water, and exercise. Also, take time to be with family and friends and to do things you enjoy, like singing, cooking, dancing, drawing, and reading.  </li>
</ul>
 
Finding a job in a new country takes time and can be difficult. Accepting this and taking steps to manage the stress of looking for work can help you be more successful while remaining emotionally well.

Managing Stress While Looking for a Job in the United States  

In addition to paying rent, there are other costs you will be responsible for when renting a home. It’s important to understand these additional costs before you sign a lease.
 
Utilities
Utilities is the general term for essential services such as gas, electricity, water, or sewer service that keep the apartment or house you rent functioning properly. These services are provided by outside companies or through your city or town. Gas or electricity may be used to heat your home, and electricity to cool it. And every rental will have electricity to power appliances, lights, and devices. The most common utilities a renter is responsible for in an apartment are gas and electricity. If you rent a house, it is possible your lease may require that you also pay for water and/or sewer service costs.
 
 
Some utilities may be included in your rent, and you may have to pay for others. The utilities you are responsible to pay for will be written in your lease. When you move into a rental, you will have to open accounts with the companies that provide the utilities. The landlord or management company should be able to provide the name of the company or companies you will need to contact to set up accounts. You will receive a bill (usually each month) from the provider of the utility. If you do not pay by the due date written on your bill, you may be charged a penalty fee.
 
Before you sign a lease, you may be able to get an estimate of the monthly cost of the utilities from the owner or management company, or by calling the utility company. But remember, the cost of utilities can change month to month. No matter what the cost, however, you should always conserve energy and water. Also, depending on where you rent, there may be discount or budget payment programs for which renters with limited income can apply.
 
Internet
You may have a choice of internet providers in your rental, and you should pick a plan that you can afford and that meets your needs.
 
Other Costs
When renting, there may be other costs you are responsible for such as trash pickup or yard maintenance, but these would mostly be additional costs in house rentals and are not common when renting an apartment. Also, in some parts of the U.S., houses are heated with oil or propane gas and the renter may be responsible for filling these tanks when they get low.
 
Remember, it is important to calculate and budget for these extra costs when you are considering renting an apartment or house so you can understand your total monthly housing costs.
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service under an agreement paid for by the U.S. Department of State.

Understanding Additional Monthly Costs When Renting a Home 

As of October 1, 2023, newly paroled Afghan Humanitarian Parolees are not eligible for ORR services and federal mainstream benefits.
 
This means an Afghan humanitarian parolee arriving on or after October 1, 2023, is not eligible for many federal and refugee benefits such as Medicaid, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP/food stamps), or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Afghan humanitarian parolees who arrive on or after October 1, 2023, are also ineligible for financial assistance from the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) and ORR-funded programs and services provided through resettlement agencies, including Preferred Communities or Matching Grant.
 
There are some exceptions. The following immediate relatives are eligible for ORR programs and services, including public benefits, financial assistance, and case management support at resettlement agencies:
 
<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 350px;" border="1">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 73px;">
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 50%; height: 73px;">Afghan Humanitarian Parolee </td>
<td style="width: 50%; height: 73px;">
<ul>
<li>Afghan citizen or national</li>
<li>Entered the U.S. with parole between July 31, 2021 and September 30, 2023</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 121px;">
<td style="width: 50%; height: 121px;">
Relative (Spouse or Child) 
</td>
<td style="width: 50%; height: 121px;">
<ul>
<li>Spouse or unmarried under 21-year-old children of ORR-Eligible Afghan parolee</li>
<li>Entered/enters the U.S. with parole</li>
<li>Can enter the U.S. after September 30, 2023 and still be eligible to receive ORR benefits</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 156px;">
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 50%; height: 156px;">Relative (Parent or legal guardian of unaccompanied child) </td>
<td style="width: 50%; height: 156px;">
<ul>
<li>Parent or legal guardian of an unaccompanied under 18-year-old Afghan child parolee</li>
<li>Entered/enters the U.S. with parole</li>
<li>Can enter the U.S. after September 30, 2023 and still be eligible to receive ORR benefits</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 
Afghans without a qualifying family relationship who enter the United States after September 30, 2023 cannot rely on government assistance and should have a strong financial supporter or enough personal funds to be self-sufficient until they are employed.
 
Afghan nationals who have another ORR-eligible immigration status or category, such as refugee, Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) holder, or asylee, are eligible for ORR refugee benefits and services in the standard manner. They are not required to enter within a particular timeframe, and the duration of their eligibility is not affected by their immigration status or category.
State-Level Benefits and Other Resources
 
All humanitarian parolees are eligible for marketplace healthcare plans. Humanitarian parolees have access to subsidies, but the cost of insurance and the amount of subsidies may differ by state and by family. In some states, humanitarian parolees are eligible for Medicaid, and in others, they are eligible for the public option. In many states, Emergency Medicaid may offer coverage for certain conditions.
 
Check with your local public benefits office to determine what your state provides. Below are some ways that states are working to provide assistance:
 
<ul>
<li>Some states provide state-funded healthcare subsidies to those who are ineligible for federal healthcare subsidies.</li>
<li>Other states, such as Washington and California, have public healthcare options that anyone can access regardless of immigration status.</li>
<li>California and Minnesota provide state-funded Medicaid for populations ineligible for federally funded Medicaid.</li>
<li>Women, Infants and Children (WIC): WIC provides targeted nutritional support to women, infants and children up to age five years old regardless of immigration status. You can search for the WIC program in your area <a href="https://www.fns.usda.gov/fns-contacts?f%5B1%5D=program%3A32">here</a>.</li>
</ul>
 
The IRC’s Virtual Resettlement Line (VRL) will continue providing resources and referrals for Afghan Humanitarian Parolees. If you need assistance and are ineligible for services from a resettlement agency, call VRL at (212) 551-3010 or email VRL at vrl@rescue.org for assistance.
 
Many areas in the U.S. have food banks that support individuals and families with additional food. Food banks have different eligibility and rules for how often you receive food. You can find your local food bank by putting in your zip code <a href="https://foodfinder.us/">here</a>. You can also search the internet using key words such as: food bank, food pantry, and food distribution to access free food resources closest to you.
 
Additionally, the phone number 211 is a free, confidential helpline available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. If you are looking for information and resources to address essential needs like housing, food and financial assistance, they might be able to help you. Their service is available in 180 languages and they operate in all 50 states. You can enter your zip code or city and state in the search on this website to find more information about the 211 in your area or dial 211 from your phone. If you need help in a language other than English, say “No English. I Speak ________” and then wait on the line.  To explore their services online, visit this link: <a href="https://www.211.org/">https://www.211.org/</a>.
 
NOTE: The U.S. government has not legally authorized the same funding to Afghanistan as it had previously. Should the U.S. Congress agree upon new or other funding legislation in the future, a revision to this information will be issued.

Changes to Benefits Eligibility and Services for Afghans Arriving as Humanitarian Parolees 

Everyone experiences times when things are hard, and we need support from others. The kind of support that works best may depend on individual preferences and the specific issues the person faces. Support can be a call from a friend, a hug from a child, or counseling from a professional. Recognizing when you need help is the first step to finding the right type of support. 
 
Signs You May Need More Support 
It can be challenging to know when you need support, especially if you have been focused on your basic needs and safety. When things are hard, you may notice changes in how you act, how you feel, and how you think. You may just not feel like yourself or notice your loved ones not acting like themselves. 
 
Signs that you or a family member may need more support can vary, but common changes include:  
<ul>
<li>Difficulty with sleep </li>
<li>Feeling tired or fatigued </li>
<li>Feeling sad or crying often </li>
<li>Easily irritated or angry </li>
<li>Losing interest in daily activities </li>
<li>Isolating from others </li>
<li>Using more alcohol or drugs </li>
<li>Having thoughts that you want to die </li>
</ul>
 
Every individual is different, and the changes they experience when life is difficult may be different. It can help to reflect on how your behavior, feelings, or thoughts change during hard times, so you can recognize when you need more support. Signs may be different for adults than for children or adolescents.  
 
Types of Support
People in Your Life – One of the first places to find support can be the people around you. This could be a trusted friend or family member with whom you can discuss difficult problems. This could also be someone who makes you laugh and feel good about yourself. Within the community, this can be supportive individuals such as teachers and faith leaders who provide guidance during difficult times. 
 
Professional Support — In the United States, professional support is available when you need more help. This support can be meeting with a counselor, attending a support group, or receiving medication from a doctor. It can be overwhelming to know where to start because there are many forms of support. One option is to talk to your primary care doctor or search for services in your area using <a href="https://findtreatment.gov/">https://findtreatment.gov/</a>.  
 
Therapy or Counseling is where a trained professional meets with you to discuss specific issues or problems and supports you in coping with these issues. This often occurs in an office setting or through telehealth/remote platforms. There are many professionals that provide this type of support including Psychologists, Licensed Clinical Social Workers, Licensed Family and Marriage Therapists, and Licensed Professional Counselors.  
 
Support Groups are led by trained professionals and often focus on specific issues such as grief, depression, anxiety, substance use, or trauma. Support groups offer both guidance and support from other people coping with similar issues. You can find support groups in your area by searching online, for example, “Support Group” + “Grief.”  
 
Medication is provided by a professional who can prescribe, such as a Psychiatrist, Medical Doctor, or Nurse Practitioner. Medications may be recommended and prescribed to help reduce stress, improve mood, improve sleep, and support other symptom management. Individuals receiving medications often meet with their prescribing provider once a month to monitor progress. You can seek medication management services at your Primary Care clinic or with a Psychiatrist.  
 
Warmlines: When you need someone to talk to, you can contact a free warmline for support. Warmlines are confidential and free. They are staffed by either peers or trained professionals. To find a warmline in your state, you can use the warmline directory at <a href="https://warmline.org/warmdir.html">https://warmline.org/warmdir.html</a>. You can also search on the internet “warmline” + your local area. You can request translation services, however, not all warmlines offer these services. 
 
Emergency Support is available when you need immediate help, such as having suicidal thoughts, or if you have concerns for a family member. There are national hotlines you can use for mental health emergencies. The 988 Lifeline is free and available in all states, by calling or texting “988”. The 988 Lifeline provides translation services in more than 240 languages. Crisis hotlines are staffed by trained professionals who can send emergency responders such as mobile crisis teams and law enforcement to help. 
 
Everyone has times when they need support from others. If you are concerned about your well-being or the well-being of a family member, we encourage you to use one of the resources provided to learn more about the support available to you in your community.

Finding Support During Difficult Times

Getting enough sleep and having better quality sleep is essential to health and well-being.  
 
When we sleep, our body is busy doing important work. The brain is working to make connections, retain important information, and get rid of information it does not need. Other parts of the body are also working to repair tissues and cells, strengthen the immune system, and help children and teens grow and develop. 
 
When we don’t get enough sleep or when our sleep is poor, it can: 
<ul>
<li>Make it harder to pay attention, learn, and remember </li>
<li>Weaken our immune system so we are more likely to get ill or not recover from illnesses as quickly </li>
<li>Affect us emotionally, making it harder to get along with others or feel emotionally connected </li>
</ul>
 
Over time, not having enough sleep can contribute to high blood pressure, diabetes, strokes, heart attacks, obesity, depression, and anxiety disorders. 
 
Getting enough sleep and high-quality sleep can be more difficult when we are busy and have many worries. During stressful times, people’s bodies need rest and repair the most. Here are some things you can do to help ensure you and your family get a good night’s sleep. 
<ul>
<li>
Have a Sleep Routine: Going to bed at the same time and waking up at the same time helps train the brain and the body for when to sleep. This is especially important for children. In addition to going to bed and waking up at set times, having other sleep routines like putting on pajamas, brushing your teeth, or reading a book can be helpful. Remember to make sure you set bedtime early enough so you can get the needed amount of sleep. </li>
<li>
Turn Off Lights: Darkness prompts the brain to produce the hormone melatonin, which makes us drowsy. Try to make the room where you are sleeping as dark as possible.  </li>
<li>
Avoid Caffeine: Do not drink caffeinated beverages like coffee, black tea, and soda in the afternoon or evening. </li>
<li>
Get Exercise: Exercising for at least 30 minutes a day helps promote good sleep. This could be a brisk walk, dancing, biking, or sports activities. </li>
<li>
Reduce Fluid Intake: Reduce or stop drinking fluids a few hours before bed to reduce the need to get up during the night to use the bathroom. </li>
<li>
Avoid Heavy Meals: Having a large meal close to bedtime can make sleeping harder because the body is working hard on digestion and releasing certain hormones that turn food into energy. </li>
<li>
Avoid Certain Foods: Fatty, cheesy, fried, and spicy foods can cause indigestion and acid reflux that can make it harder to sleep. High-sugar foods also cause changes in blood sugar, which can negatively affect sleep. </li>
<li>
Avoid Alcohol: While alcohol may make people drowsy, people often have poorer quality sleep and may wake more frequently after consuming alcohol. It can also make conditions like sleep apnea or acid reflux worse. </li>
<li>
Limit Screen Time: Studies show that more than two hours of television, cell phones, video games, computers, and other electronic devices in the evening can negatively impact sleep. Experts recommend limiting screen time in the evening and having no screen time for at least one hour before bed. </li>
</ul>
Implementing even a few of these sleep tips can lead to better sleep and improve your and your family’s overall health and functioning.

Tips for a Better Night’s Sleep  

When you rent a home, you will be required to pay a security deposit to the landlord or management company before you move in. A security deposit is money you pay to cover any damage done in the rental while you live there, or to pay penalties charged if you break the lease. 
 
Laws regulating the security deposit amount landlords or management companies can charge vary by state (or sometimes city), and is often one month’s rent. When you move out, the owner or management company could keep all or part of your security deposit if:
 
<ul>
<li>There was damage done while you lived there that is more than “normal wear and tear” </li>
<li>You did not thoroughly clean the rental property or left items that needed to be disposed of</li>
<li>You moved out before the end of your lease or did not give the landlord or management company the move out notice required by your lease</li>
<li>You did not return all keys to the rented property </li>
</ul>
 
When you move into a rental, the landlord may require that you sign a checklist to confirm the condition of items such as windows, floors, carpets, walls, countertops, light fixtures, and appliances. Make sure you alert the landlord to any damage you observe in the apartment before you move in and mark it on the checklist before you sign the copies. If the landlord does not provide a checklist, it is recommended that you take photos of all the rooms in the rental before you move, make a list of any damage you see, and ask your landlord to date and sign the list.  
 
At the end of your lease, if you leave the apartment in the same condition as when you moved in, you have the right to have your full deposit returned. Take more photos of the apartment after you move your belongings out.  If possible, it is recommended to schedule a walkthrough of the apartment with the landlord or building manager when you are ready to return the keys to discuss any specific issues that might affect the return of your security deposit.
 
Depending on local laws, your landlord or property manager is usually required to return your deposit within a few weeks and with interest earned while it was held in the bank. If your landlord or the property manager claims there was damage or that your rented home was not clean, part or all your deposit may not be returned. In this case you should receive a statement with itemized repair or cleaning expenses. 
 
If you have given the notice of moving required by your lease, have returned the keys, and haven’t received your deposit within a few weeks of moving out—or don’t agree with the deductions—send your landlord a “demand letter” that includes a copy of the photos you have taken, the checklist if you have one, and a copy of your lease. Sometimes a demand letter will show your landlord or property manager that you understand the law and are aware of your rights, and that will be enough to have your deposit returned. If your letter does not bring results, it may be appropriate to bring your landlord to court. Many cities and towns have free or low-cost legal services to help tenants who have problems with their landlords. 
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service under an agreement paid for by the U.S. Department of State.

Renting a Home: The Security Deposit 

Mental health can have different meanings depending on one’s culture, family, or previous experiences. In the United States, mental health includes all aspects of an individual’s emotional well-being, such as how we manage stress, how we interact with others, or how our minds and bodies feel. Mental health concerns can range from not sleeping at night to grieving the loss of a loved one, feeling scared for no reason, or increased stress at work or at home. In the United States, it has become more common for people to discuss their mental health concerns and seek support. 
 
Mental Health Care at Home 
For some, mental health care is done at home and throughout the day. For example, going for a walk outside to take a break from work stress; talking to a friend or family member about a problem that is bothering them; getting a good night's sleep to rest their body and mind; or even taking a deep breath. These can all improve mental health. 
 
Doctor or Counselor Support 
Mental health care for others may require professional support at a doctor’s office or with a counselor, often called outpatient treatment. In the United States, there are many options to find support to improve well-being. This can be a visit to your primary care doctor for medication to reduce stress or improve your mood. This can also be meeting with a counselor individually or as a family to learn techniques to cope with specific issues or problems.  
 
Support Groups 
Another common form of support comes from support groups made up of individuals with similar backgrounds or concerns, such as a grief support group. Groups provide both the benefit of learning new skills and meeting others with shared experiences. Some groups can even be attended online. 
 
Hospitalization 
Mental health care for a small percentage of individuals includes hospitalization or inpatient treatment. Inpatient treatment is generally only required when someone has complex mental health symptoms or concerns that could impact their safety or someone else’s safety. If you ever feel that you are someone you know is in danger due to their mental health, you can call 9-8-8 from anywhere in the United States for immediate support in English and many other languages. 
 
Mental Health has impacts beyond the individual – it often affects families and communities. Improving your mental health can improve the well-being of those around you such as children, family, and community members. Talking about and prioritizing your mental health is one way to help you reach your goals for your life here in the US.  
 
It can be overwhelming to know how to start caring for your mental health, especially if the idea is new to you or your family. One option is to talk to your primary care doctor. You can also look up mental health supports in your area through <a href="https://findtreatment.gov/">https://findtreatment.gov/</a>.

What is Mental Health Care in the United States?  

If you have ever walked on, or driven a car across ice, you know how slippery and dangerous it can be. But a condition on roads called black ice can be even more dangerous because it is almost impossible to see. Black ice forms without air bubbles and can look just like the pavement you are driving on. Therefore, it is important to know when and where black ice may form on roads so drivers can be prepared for this often-invisible hazard.
 
When Does Black Ice Form?
Black ice most commonly forms at night or in the early morning when temperatures are at their lowest.
 
Where Does Black Ice Form?
Black ice most commonly forms on parts of a road that don’t get much sunshine, like a road under trees or in a tunnel. It also forms more frequently on roads that have less traffic. Black ice will also form easily on bridges, overpasses, and the road underneath overpasses. This is because the air will freeze faster on these road surfaces. 
 
What Are the Signs of Black Ice
Black ice is often invisible and impossible to see on the road. But sometimes it can be seen in certain lighting conditions during dawn, daylight, or dusk. If the road mostly looks dull black, but you see a patch ahead that looks shinier in the light, this may be black ice. If you see cars swerve for no reason on the road during the day or at night, this is a sign of black ice.
 
What To Do If You Encounter Black Ice 
The most important thing to do if you feel yourself sliding on black ice is to remain calm. Immediately take your foot completely off the accelerator but do not touch the brakes, which will cause you to skid.  Try to keep the steering wheel straight, but if you feel the back of the car skidding, very gently turn the steering wheel in the same direction you are skidding. If you turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction while you are skidding or turn the steering wheel too much, your car may spin in a circle and out of control. If you are in a car with manual gears, you can also try to shift in a lower gear, which will give you more control.
 
Black ice is often in invisible and often (but not always) forms in patches. If you hit black ice and can see areas of traction like snow or spots with sand, you can try to move toward them to regain control. If you end up going off the road, try to steer toward an area that will cause the least amount of damage.
 
After an encounter with black ice, stay calm and if possible, consider waiting for safer conditions like the temperature going above freezing or waiting for crews sanding or salting the roads. If you must continue driving, drive slowly and use your hazard lights to warn other drivers you are not driving at normal speed because of the danger.
 
Other General Precautions While Driving in Potential Black Ice Conditions
<ul>
<li>If possible, avoid driving unless necessary during freezing weather conditions</li>
<li>Travel slowly. This will give you more control if you encounter black ice or other hazardous conditions</li>
<li>Give cars into front of you lots of room</li>
<li>Keep your windshield and all windows clear while driving</li>
<li>Use headlights in daytime to help you see any possible shine that might be black ice</li>
</ul>

What is Black Ice and How Can it Be a Danger for Drivers? 

In the U.S., doctors recommend that women who ​have sex ​or ​who are ​over the age of 21 have a “Women’s Wellness Exam” every year. Women’s wellness exams ​are an opportunity to review the overall health of a woman. This includes physical health, mental health, and social situation. The physical exam may include a check of your height and weight, your blood pressure and pulse, a review of your vaccines and other tests based on how you feel. These exams also ​usually include three things: a breast exam, a pelvic exam, and a pap test.
 
The first thing that happens at a Women’s Wellness Exam is checking in at the front desk. This means you go to the front desk and give the staff your name so they know you have arrived. The staff may give you paperwork to fill out with questions about your family medical history, any medications you are taking, general demographic information, your menstrual cycle, whether or not you ​have had sex​, and if you have been pregnant before.
 
If you need help reading and filling out the paperwork in your language, an interpreter should be able to help you. If an interpreter is not there in person or needs to be called over the phone, hold onto the paperwork until the interpreter is on the phone. You can ask for a female interpreter if this makes you more comfortable.
 
After checking in, you will wait in the lobby for your name to be called. When your name is called, a medical assistant or nurse will accompany you into the exam area of the clinic and take your height, weight, and blood pressure. They will also ask you about your health concerns, your medical history, and your family’s medical history. This information will be given to the medical provider.
 
Before the examination, the medical assistant or nurse will provide you with a medical gown to change into. They will leave the room to give you privacy while you change. Once you are ready, you can sit and wait on the exam table. There is often a paper sheet on the exam table, which you can unfold and place over your lap for more privacy.
 
When the medical provider comes in, they will first go over the information that has been given to them and talk to you about any health concerns you may have. They may ask a few questions such as:
 
When was your last period?
Are you sexually active?
Are you using any type of birth control?
Do you think you might be pregnant?
 
These questions will help your medical provider provide the care that is best for you. It is important that you have a medical provider that you can trust. If you do not feel comfortable with your medical provider, consider switching to a different provider that you feel comfortable with.
 
After that, the medical provider will usually do a breast exam. This exam is done to check for any abnormalities, including lumps or changes that might require more testing. Breast examinations are one of the most important ways to detect breast cancer. The earlier that breast cancer is found, the easier it can be to treat.
 
After the breast exam, the medical provider will likely conduct a pelvic exam and a pap test. A pelvic exam is a regular part of your wellness exam, where the medical provider checks the health of your reproductive organs. During the pelvic exam, the medical provider may conduct a pap test to see if there are any abnormal changes on your cervix inside your vagina that could lead to cervical cancer.
 
You will be asked to lie back on the exam table and place your feet in foot supports known as stirrups. This allows the medical provider to view the pelvic region. The medical provider will examine the ​outside ​of the vagina. They will then examine the in​side​.
 
For the pap test, the medical provider will use a small brush to gently remove a sample from the cervix and back of the vagina. This sample is sent to a lab to be examined.​ During this time, they may also test you for any infections. ​
 
While you are in the same position, the medical provider will examine the pelvic region for abnormalities. Because the pelvic organs such as the uterus and ovaries can't be seen from outside the body, the provider will use their hands to feel the stomach area and pelvis. This helps check for the size and shape of the uterus and ovaries and to check for any tender areas or abnormal growths.
 
The medical provider should explain the different procedures in the exam to you. You can also ask questions at any time during your appointment, even in the middle of a procedure. This is also true of expressing discomfort or hesitation about the procedures. Your comfort is very important and letting your medical provider know your questions or concerns helps them give you the best care possible.
 
After the exams are done, the medical provider will give you any information that can be shared immediately. If they took any samples, they will tell you when you can expect the results. As the appointment comes to an end, the medical provider will talk about what to do next. This can include following specific instructions at home, scheduling a second appointment, or ​seeing a different doctor. They will then leave the room so you can get dressed in private. ​The medical provider may also discuss contraceptive options and the various modes of contraception available for you. It is your choice to have this conversation or accept the recommendations for contraception.​ 
 
Having a women’s wellness exam every year is important for detecting health concerns early. By doing this, these concerns may be easier to cure or manage. It is also an important and private time to talk to a medical provider about your health worries or to ask questions, so you have the information you need to take care of your health.
 
To read Part 1 of this series, “What is a Woman’s Wellness Exam?” Visit this link: <a href="https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/16179588955805">https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/16179588955805</a>
 
You can also watch a video version of this article:
 
<iframe src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/c1JGd8fB2h8" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>

Women’s Wellness Exams Part 2: What to Expect At a Woman’s Wellness Exam 

Women’s wellness exams are an opportunity to review the overall health of a woman. This includes physical health, mental health, and social situation. A women’s wellness exam may include a check of your height and weight, your blood pressure and pulse, a review of your vaccines and other tests based on how you feel. These exams also usually include three things specific to the health of a woman: a breast exam, a pelvic exam, and a pap test (a test to check for any problems including cervical cancer).
 
In the U.S., doctors recommend that women should start having a women’s wellness exam every year after they start having sex or when they reach 21 years of age. This may be different than what is recommended or practiced in Afghanistan. The reason that doctors recommend regular women’s wellness exams for all women in the U.S., whether they are sexually active or not, is because these exams can catch health problems early, when they are easier to cure or manage. These exams are not only done when you have a medical problem, but as a regular check of your overall health. These medical appointments also provide an opportunity to talk to your doctor about any concerns you may have or to ask questions concerning women’s health including abnormal periods and bleeding, mood changes, intense pain during menstruation, family planning, and other health concerns.
 
Types of Medical Providers in the U.S. That Support Women’s Wellness
 
Women’s medical needs are supported by several different types of medical providers in the U.S. While all these medical providers are knowledgeable about basic women’s health, each one also has their own specialty. Depending on their medical needs, women may consult with one or more of the following medical providers.
<ul>
<li>Primary Care Physicians (PCP) are also known as general practitioners, family doctors, internists, or pediatricians. These doctors take care of a wide range of health issues for people of every age. For women, the primary care physician is also the doctor most likely to perform a women’s wellness exam.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Obstetricians/Gynecologists (OB/GYN). An obstetrician is a type of doctor that supports women and their babies during pregnancy and childbirth. A gynecologist specializes in treating women’s reproductive health. Doctors specializing in these areas often do both, which is why they are called OB/GYNs. OB/GYNs care for women from adolescence through menopause and beyond.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Nurse practitioners are nurses who have received advanced training and degrees. They provide preventive care, diagnose health conditions, and manage treatment for people in their care. They may work independently or with doctors to provide a full range of healthcare services.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Midwives are healthcare providers who support pregnancy, childbirth, newborn care, and postpartum health. Midwives are usually not doctors, although some are nurses. Midwives may work with obstetricians and gynecologists (OB/GYNS) or on their own.</li>
</ul>
You can receive care from many different types of providers in the U.S. No matter what type of provider you receive care from, all people in the U.S. have the same healthcare rights. Visit this Settle In Help Center link for information on your rights as a patient in the U.S. <a href="https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/9840143678109">https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/9840143678109</a> For detailed information on what happens at a women’s wellness exam, read Part 2 at the Settle In Help Center: Woman’s Wellness Exams (Part 2: What Happens at a Woman’s Wellness Exam?) 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/16179937341085">https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/16179937341085</a>
 
You can also see a video version of this article:
 
<iframe src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/k4lf7ZjBBbI" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>

Women’s Wellness Exams Part 1: What is a Woman’s Wellness Exam? 

Respiratory illnesses, such as influenza (the flu), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the common cold, and COVID-19 are more common during winter but can happen anytime. Respiratory infections mainly affect your nose, throat, and lungs. Some people can get seriously ill from these illnesses. Prevention, testing, and treatment can help everyone avoid more serious illness. 
 
Respiratory illnesses spread from person to person. When someone with a respiratory illness coughs, sneezes, or talks, germs get in the air near them, and if other people breathe it in, they can also get sick. With some respiratory illnesses, like COVID-19, people can also get sick from touching surfaces with germs. 
 
People with respiratory illnesses might feel some of these symptoms: 
<ul>
<li>Fever  </li>
<li>Cough  </li>
<li>Fatigue (tiredness)  </li>
<li>Sore throat  </li>
<li>Runny or stuffy nose  </li>
<li>Muscle or body aches  </li>
<li>Headaches  </li>
<li>Vomiting and diarrhea </li>
</ul>
 
The symptoms of RSV, the flu, the common cold, and COVID-19 are very similar. The only way to know which illness you have is to get tested. You may be able to get a test at a doctor’s office, a community testing site, work, school, or a pharmacy. Testing for respiratory illnesses is usually accessible for people with health insurance, including Medicaid. Many pharmacies also sell at-home tests you can do yourself to test for COVID-19. These tests do not check for other respiratory illnesses. 
 
Vaccination is the best protection from respiratory illnesses for yourself, your family, and your community. There are vaccines for the flu, RSV, and COVID-19. Even if you get a respiratory illness after getting vaccinated, the vaccine helps prevent the illness from progressing into something serious. 
 
Vaccines are safe and effective for adults, children, and babies as young as six months old. You cannot get respiratory illnesses from the RSV, flu, or COVID-19 vaccines. Mild side effects are expected, and severe side effects are extremely rare. Flu and COVID-19 vaccines are safe for women who are pregnant and breastfeeding. Pregnant women need to get the vaccines because they not only protect women during their pregnancy but also protect infants in their first few weeks or months of life. 
 
It is safe to be vaccinated against the flu, COVID-19, and RSV at the same time. It takes about two weeks after your most recent RSV, flu, or COVID-19 vaccine for your body to learn how to protect you against the illnesses. 
 
The best time to get vaccines for respiratory illnesses is August, September, and October but you can get them anytime. Because the flu and COVID-19 are constantly changing, you need to get the flu vaccine every fall and may need boosters for COVID-19 regularly. Many doctors offices and clinics offer RSV, COVID-19, and flu vaccines. Even if you don’t have a regular doctor or nurse, you may be able to get your vaccines somewhere else, like a health department, pharmacy, or even in some schools and workplaces. 
 
Staying home from work, school, or social events anytime you feel sick is one of the most important things you can do to protect your family, friends, and community. If you are not feeling well but must leave home, wear a mask to cover your coughs and sneezes.  
 
Gathering indoors during times of high risk for respiratory illness can be unavoidable sometimes, but there are ways to reduce the risk of getting sick. if possible, open windows to reduce the spread of illnesses. Wash your hands and clean surfaces frequently to protect yourself and others from respiratory diseases and germs. Refrain from the traditional gestures like hugs, handshakes and kisses and use more casual verbal greetings when meeting family and friends.

What to Know About Respiratory Illnesses  

When temperatures drop during winter months, even short exposure to extreme cold and wind chill can be life-threatening. Winter storms and ice storms can also knock down power lines and leave your home without electricity or heat. Even if you live in an area where low temperatures are not that common, you should always be prepared for a sudden temperature drop and know how to stay warm in case your electricity or heat is cut off. Follow these safety tips during extreme cold temperatures: 
 
House Heating Safety 
<ul>
<li>Never heat with your cooking stove. </li>
<li>Keep portable heaters far away from anything flammable like clothes. Turn heaters off when you are not in the room. </li>
<li>Never run a car’s engine in a garage or closed space. Odorless and colorless carbon monoxide gas from a car’s exhaust is highly toxic and will cause death. </li>
<li>Never light a fire indoors except in a legal, certified wood stove. </li>
</ul>
 
What to Do If Your Power and Heat Goes Out 
<ul>
<li>Set up a “shelter in place” room for your family and pets in a small space, ideally that is protected from the prevailing wind. </li>
<li>Insulate your “shelter in place” room windows with blankets, heavy cloth curtains, towels, or plastic. Huddle together to share body heat. </li>
<li>Gather as many winter coats, blankets, sweaters and sleeping bags as you can find. If you have a tent, you can also set that up in the room. </li>
<li>Leave a trickle of water running in all faucets and open cabinets below sinks to expose pipes. This will help prevent your pipes from freezing and bursting. </li>
</ul>
 
Additional Winter Storm Safety Tips 
<ul>
<li>Stay informed. Tune in to local news sources to ensure you are up to date on any emergency announcements, if needed. For example, sometimes temporary warming shelters are created in communities if there are power outages.  </li>
<li>Keep phones charged. </li>
<li>Keep flashlights, a radio, and extra batteries easily accessible. </li>
<li>Make sure you have enough clean drinking water to last for several days to a week. Fill empty bottles with tap water in case pipes freeze. </li>
<li>If you must go outside in extreme cold, limit your time there, dress in heavy layers, wear gloves and especially a hat (40% of your body heat can be lost from your head). Exposure to the cold can result in hypothermia (an often-fatal condition when the body’s temperature goes below 95 degrees Fahrenheit). Elderly people are especially susceptible to hypothermia. A wind chill of minus 20 degrees Fahrenheit will cause the serious medical condition frostbite in just 30 minutes. Frostbite can cause serious and permanent damage to the skin and limbs.</li>
<li>Do not drive during winter storms. Roads are hazardous and if you become stranded, you could die from exposure to the cold. </li>
<li>Conserve energy. </li>
</ul>

Staying Safe During Freezing Temperatures 

There are many places in the U.S. where you can buy quality used clothing which will be less expensive than buying new clothing. In your city or town, you will find stores run by nonprofit organizations that collect donations of clothing and sell them at affordable prices in the community.
 
Goodwill is a large organization that sells used clothing and has over 4000 stores in towns and cities across the U.S. You can find a Goodwill store near you by using their <a href="https://www.goodwill.org/locator/">locator</a>. At Goodwill stores you will find a wide variety of styles of men’s and women’s used clothing. The inventory is constantly being updated as they get more donations. So, you might find new items every few weeks.
 
The Salvation Army is another large organization similar to Goodwill that sells used clothing and has almost 8000 stores across the U.S. You can find a Salvation Army Thrift Store by using their <a href="https://satruck.org/ThriftStore/">locator</a>.
 
Your town or city might also have smaller thrift stores that sell used clothing at reasonable prices. Go to <a href="https://www.google.com/maps">Google Maps</a> and enter the words “thrift stores” in the search bar to find Goodwill, Salvation Army or other stores near you where you can find used clothing.

How to Save Money Buying Clothes 

Sales tax is a tax charged by states on certain items that you purchase. Some states allow cities and towns to add their own sales tax on top of the state tax. If your state, city, or town charges sales tax, you will see the tax amount on the receipt added to the price of your purchase.
 
In 2022, 45 states and the District of Columbia collected sales tax and five states did not charge any sales tax. Some states don’t collect sales tax on some types of food, clothing (up to a certain cost), or other items. If you buy something online or something that comes from another state, you will be charged your state’s sales tax. Visit your state’s website to find out more about the state sales tax and what items will be charged sales tax.
 
Some states also have sales tax holidays during the year when certain items can be purchased without paying sales tax. Many of these state tax holidays are in the summer to allow parents to specifically buy school supplies, computers, and clothes tax free before the start of the school year. Other states encourage buying energy saving products or hurricane preparedness supplies during their tax-free holidays. In Massachusetts you can purchase almost any item up to $2500 tax free during the annual sales tax holiday. Visit this link to see if your state has a tax holiday:
<a href="Sales%20tax%20is%20a%20tax%20charged%20by%20states%20on%20certain%20items%20that%20you%20purchase.%20Some%20states%20allow%20cities%20and%20towns%20to%20add%20their%20own%20sales%20tax%20on%20top%20of%20the%20state%20tax.%20If%20your%20state,%20city,%20or%20town%20charges%20sales%20tax,%20you%20will%20see%20the%20tax%20amount%20on%20the%20receipt%20added%20to%20the%20price%20of%20your%20purchase.%20%20%20%20%20%20In%202022,%2045%20states%20and%20the%20District%20of%20Columbia%20collected%20sales%20tax%20and%20five%20states%20did%20not%20charge%20any%20sales%20tax.%20Some%20states%20don%E2%80%99t%20collect%20sales%20tax%20on%20some%20types%20of%20food,%20clothing%20(up%20to%20a%20certain%20cost),%20or%20other%20items.%20If%20you%20buy%20something%20online%20or%20something%20that%20comes%20from%20another%20state,%20you%20will%20be%20charged%20your%20state%E2%80%99s%20sales%20tax.%20Visit%20your%20state%E2%80%99s%20website%20to%20find%20out%20more%20about%20the%20state%20sales%20tax%20and%20what%20items%20will%20be%20charged%20sales%20tax.%20%20%20%20%20%20Some%20states%20also%20have%20sales%20tax%20holidays%20during%20the%20year%20when%20certain%20items%20can%20be%20purchased%20without%20paying%20sales%20tax.%20Many%20of%20these%20state%20tax%20holidays%20are%20in%20the%20summer%20to%20allow%20parents%20to%20specifically%20buy%20school%20supplies,%20computers,%20and%20clothes%20tax%20free%20before%20the%20start%20of%20the%20school%20year.%20Other%20states%20encourage%20buying%20energy%20saving%20products%20or%20hurricane%20preparedness%20supplies%20during%20their%20tax-free%20holidays.%20In%20Massachusetts%20you%20can%20purchase%20almost%20any%20item%20up%20to%20%242500%20tax%20free%20during%20the%20annual%20sales%20tax%20holiday.%20Visit%20this%20link%20to%20see%20if%20your%20state%20has%20a%20tax%20holiday:%20%20%20%20https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/taxes/sales-tax-holiday-back-to-school-shopping%20">https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/taxes/sales-tax-holiday-back-to-school-shopping</a>

What Is Sales Tax? 

After the school day ends, many children in the U.S. participate in activities focused on education, the arts, music, health, sports, physical fitness and relaxation. These supervised, group activities are called afterschool activities, and many children make friends this way. Afterschool activities give children the chance to spend time with their peers, learn from mentors, and learn life skills that can help them feel more confident in their new community. They are a great way to help newcomers feel comfortable in a new country and at school.   Here are some types of afterschool activities that are popular in the U.S.:
 
Sports  Many children in the U.S choose to play sports after school. Soccer, basketball, baseball, running, gymnastics, volleyball and swimming are popular in the U.S. Joining a sports team is a great way for your child to make friends, stay healthy, exercise and develop team skills.
 
Arts and Music  Your child’s school or other organizations in the community may offer arts and music programs after school for low or no cost. These programs offer activities like drawing, painting, writing, photography, filmmaking, theater, dance, or singing in a choir. Some music programs offer low cost or free musical instrument rentals and lessons. 
 
Community Engagement  Student volunteering and community service is very important in many parts of the U.S. Some states even require a certain number of volunteer hours to be completed for a student to graduate high school. A record of volunteer work and community engagement is also looked upon favorably when applying to a college or university.
 
Where Can I Find Out More?
Schools, cultural centers, places of worship, libraries, community centers and non-profit organizations are some places that may offer afterschool activities. Ask about afterschool activity opportunities at your child’s school administration. Most are free or low cost and can be arranged so they do not interfere with your child’s routine and responsibilities at home. Always make sure that the program has policies and procedures in place to ensure the safety of your child. This includes making sure that all staff have background checks, there are appropriate child to staff ratios, staff have received appropriate training, and for sports activities, someone is available on site who knows first aid and CPR.

Afterschool Activities in the U.S.  

If you don’t own a car and want to travel between states or between cities in your state, there are three major options: airplane, train, or bus.
 
Airplane
Air travel is usually the most expensive way to travel between states, though it may be the only realistic option depending on how far you are going and how quickly you need to get there. If you live near a large airport, there will be more flight options and you may find discounted and direct flights to your destination. If you live near a smaller regional airport or your destination is a smaller airport, flights may be more expensive. Air travel can also be disrupted at any time of the year by heavy rain, wind, thunderstorms, ice, fog, or snow.
 
<a href="https://www.cheapair.com/blog/the-best-time-to-buy-flights/">A 2022 study</a> showed that the average best time to buy a domestic U.S. airline ticket was 70 days before the travel date, and that buying tickets from 46 to 164 days in advance was the best time to get the lowest priced ticket. Buying airline tickets a few days or few weeks before a flight will almost always be much more expensive and direct flights are in general more expensive than flights where you switch planes (called a layover) to get to your destination. When deciding if you will fly, it is important to factor in the extra fees for luggage that airlines charge and to consider the cost and time getting to and from airports.
 
Train
The only long-distance interstate train service in the United States is called Amtrak, which is partly owned and operated by the U.S. government. Train service in the U.S. is not as developed or fast as it is in some countries and can be expensive. However, if you live on the East Coast of the United States, especially between Boston and Washington, D.C., and there is an Amtrak station near where you live and where you are going, train service is usually less expensive, more convenient, and sometimes can be faster than flying. If your destination is a smaller city in your state, the next state or a few states away, Amtrak may also be a good travel option. <a href="https://www.amtrak.com/content/dam/projects/dotcom/english/public/documents/Maps/Amtrak-System-Map-1018.pdf">View a map</a> to see if your destination is on an Amtrak route. Some states, especially on the East Coast also have regional rail service connecting cities and towns within states or even connecting neighboring states.
 
You can make a reservation on Amtrak through its <a href="https://www.amtrak.com/tickets-reservations">website</a>, 24 hours a day by phone at 1-800-USA-RAIL (1-800-872-7245), or at a staffed Amtrak station. You will need a credit card or debit card with a credit card logo (like Visa or Mastercard) and an email address to purchase your ticket. After you buy your ticket, you will receive a PDF attachment in an email. When you are on the train you will show the PDF ticket on your phone to the conductor. Make sure your phone battery is charged when you board the train.
 
If possible, it is recommended to buy your Amtrak tickets at least a month in advance to take advantage of lower fares. Buying tickets several days or weeks before the travel dates, during U.S. holidays or high demand times are usually more expensive.
 
Bus
Bus travel is usually the least expensive way to travel between states and routes reach almost every city and town in the United States. Traveling by bus can be slow, but it is comfortable and can get you to locations not available by air or train. Two major bus services offering routes across the United States are Flixbus and Greyhound. The extensive networks of <a href="https://www.flixbus.com/bus/united-states">Flixbus</a> and <a href="https://www.greyhound.com/en-us/destinations">Greyhound</a> can get you almost anywhere in the United States inexpensively when compared to flying, train, or driving. Other interstate bus services are <a href="https://peterpanbus.com/">Peter Pan</a>, <a href="https://us.megabus.com/">Megabus</a> and <a href="https://www.luxbusamerica.com/">Lux Bus</a>. You can purchase tickets on these bus services by visiting their websites. There are also private bus companies that offer routes between cities in specific regions of the U.S., like the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest or West Coast.
 
Which Type of Travel Should I Choose?
Comparing the cost and travel time for air, train and bus will save you money and help in your planning. Sometimes a combination of air, train or bus may even be your best choice. And remember, if you want to get the best price for travel, it is best to not wait until the last minute. If possible, always reserve your tickets in advance.

Travelling Between States in the U.S. Without a Car 

The importation of dogs and cats to the United States is regulated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC requires that dogs and cats be healthy upon arrival and that dogs from high-risk rabies countries be vaccinated against rabies.
 
Bringing Dogs to the United States
The United States is currently allowing dogs from the many <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/importation/bringing-an-animal-into-the-united-states/high-risk.html">countries that are at high-risk for rabies</a> to enter the United States until at least July 31, 2024. However, dogs coming from those countries or dogs that have been in those countries in the past six months are required to meet very strict criteria to prove they have been vaccinated against rabies. They are also required to have an International Standards Organization (ISO)-compatible microchip. Dogs from these countries may only enter at the 18 U.S. airports that have a CDC port health station and vaccination documents must be translated into English by a certified translator. Any dog under the age of six months old that has been in a high-risk rabies country in the past six months is not allowed to enter the U.S.
 
Dogs that have NOT been in a high-risk rabies country in the past six months and with a healthy appearance can enter the U.S. at any port and are not required by the CDC to present rabies vaccination documentation. However, when you enter the United States, you must provide a written or verbal statement that your dogs have NOT been in a country that is high risk for rabies within the last six months or since birth if under six months of age. The CDC doesn’t require proof of rabies vaccination from dogs from non-high risk countries, but recommends that all dogs be vaccinated against rabies.
 
Visit this link for detailed information on requirements to bring a dog into the U.S: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/importation/bringing-an-animal-into-the-united-states/dogs.html">https://www.cdc.gov/importation/bringing-an-animal-into-the-united-states/dogs.html</a>
 
NOTE: You must meet all the CDC requirements, or your dog won’t be allowed to enter the United States. If denied entry, your dog will be sent back to the last country of departure at your expense. The country of departure is where the last trip originated—not where the dog was born or where it lives.
 
Bringing Cats into the United States
The CDC does not require a general certificate of health for entry of domestic cats into the United States, although some airlines may require them. Find out if your airline requires a certificate of health before flying.
 
Cats are not required to have proof of rabies vaccination for importation into the United States, although the CDC recommends that all cats be vaccinated. Cats are also subject to inspection at ports of entry and may be denied entry into the United States if they have evidence of an infectious disease that can be transmitted to humans.
 
If a cat appears to be ill, further examination by a licensed veterinarian at the owner’s expense might be required at the port of entry.
 
State Pet Regulations
In addition to federal regulations, it is important to understand that every state in the United States has its own animal import regulations that may be stricter than U.S. federal requirements. Make sure to find out the regulations of any state you will pass through on the way to your final destination by visiting this link: <a href="https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/pet-travel/interstate-pet-travel">https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/pet-travel/interstate-pet-travel</a>
 
Ways to Transport Your Pet
There are several transport options for your pet. Visit this link to find out more: <a href="https://www.state.gov/pets-and-international-travel/#PetPolicies">https://www.state.gov/pets-and-international-travel/#PetPolicies</a>

Bringing Dogs and Cats into the United States 

As of October 1, 2023, newly paroled Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolees are not eligible for Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) services and federal mainstream benefits.
 
This means a Ukrainian humanitarian parolee arriving on or after October 1, 2023, is not eligible for many federal and refugee benefits such as Medicaid, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP/food stamps), or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Ukrainian humanitarian parolees who arrive on or after October 1, 2023, are also ineligible for financial assistance from the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) and ORR-funded programs and services provided through resettlement agencies, including Preferred Communities or Matching Grant.
 
There are some exceptions. The following immediate relatives are eligible for ORR programs and services, including public benefits, financial assistance, and case management support at resettlement agencies:
 
<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 88px;" border="1px solid black">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 22px;">
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 5.57142%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">1</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 29.7142%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolee</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 30.2858%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Arrived on or after October 1, 2023</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 34.4286%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Have a spouse who arrived before October 1, 2023</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22px;">
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 5.57142%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">2</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 29.7142%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolee, unmarried and under 21</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 30.2858%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Arrived on or after October 1, 2023</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 34.4286%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Have a parent who arrived before October 1, 2023</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22px;">
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 5.57142%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">3</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 29.7142%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolee</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 30.2858%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Arrived on or after October 1, 2023</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 34.4286%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Have a minor child who arrived unaccompanied before Oct 1, 2023</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22px;">
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 5.57142%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">4</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 29.7142%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolee</td>
<td class="wysiwyg-text-align-center" style="width: 30.2858%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">Arrived between February 24, 2022 through September 30, 2023</td>
<td style="width: 34.4286%; height: 22px; border: 1px solid black;">
Continue to be eligible for ORR programs and services
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 
Ukrainians without a qualifying family relationship who enter the United States after September 30, 2023 cannot rely on government assistance and should have a strong financial supporter or enough personal funds to be self-sufficient until they are employed.
State-Level Benefits and Other Resources
 
All humanitarian parolees are eligible for marketplace healthcare plans. Humanitarian parolees have access to subsidies, but the cost of insurance and the amount of subsidies may differ by state and by family. In some states, humanitarian parolees are eligible for Medicaid, and in others, they are eligible for the public option. In many states, Emergency Medicaid may offer coverage for certain conditions.
 
Check with your local public benefits office to determine what your state provides. Below are some ways that states are working to provide assistance:
<ul>
<li>Some states provide state-funded healthcare subsidies to those who are ineligible for federal healthcare subsidies.</li>
<li>Other states, such as Washington and California, have public healthcare options that anyone can access regardless of immigration status.</li>
<li>California and Minnesota provide state-funded Medicaid for populations ineligible for federally funded Medicaid.</li>
<li>Colorado has private funding that allows it to continue to support UHPs with public benefits.</li>
</ul>
 
The IRC’s Virtual Resettlement Line (VRL) will continue providing resources and referrals for Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolees. If you need assistance and are ineligible for services from a resettlement agency, call VRL at (212) 551-3010 or email VRL at <a href="https://vrl@rescue.org">vrl@rescue.org</a> for assistance.
 
In addition, <a href="https://welcome.us/">Welcome.US</a> provides resources and information for newly arrived humanitarian parolees and their sponsors. Their <a href="https://welcome.us/explainers/guidance-for-connecting-to-local-and-state-services-cubans-haitians-and-ukrainians">toolkit</a> for Ukrainians and other populations contains guidance for connecting to local and state services.
 
NOTE: The U.S. government has not legally authorized the same funding to Ukraine as it had previously. Should the U.S. Congress agree upon new or other funding legislation in the coming weeks, a revision to this information will be issued.

Changes to Programs, Benefits, and Services for Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolees 

The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced an 18-month extension and redesignation of <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/temporary-protected-status/temporary-protected-status-designated-country-afghanistan">Afghanistan for Temporary Protected Status</a> on September 21, 2023. Both the extension and the redesignation will run from November 21, 2023 through May 20, 2025.
 
Do you already have TPS? If you already have TPS and would like to extend your status through May 20, 2025, you must re-register during the 60-day registration period, which begins September 25, 2023 and ends November 21, 2023.
 
Don’t have TPS? You might qualify for it now. Afghan nationals (and individuals having no nationality who last habitually resided in Afghanistan) who have continuously resided in the United States since September 20, 2023 and have been continuously physically present in the United States since November 21, 2023, may file an application to obtain TPS. New applicants can apply from September 25, 2023 through the end of the TPS period, ending April 19, 2025.
 
Frequently Asked Questions: Temporary Protected Status for Afghans
 
Q: What is Temporary Protected Status (TPS)? 
A: TPS is a temporary immigration status provided to nationals of certain countries experiencing war, natural disaster, or other conditions that make it difficult or unsafe to return to those countries. TPS allows you to temporarily live and work legally in the U.S. TPS does not lead to permanent immigration status or a “green card.” Afghan Humanitarian Parolees and TPS holders who wish to seek permanent resident status in the U.S. must qualify through other pathways.
 
Q: Who is eligible to apply for TPS?  A: If you are an Afghan national (or if you have no nationality and last habitually resided in Afghanistan) and are in the U.S. now without permanent immigration status here, you may be able to apply for TPS. This would allow you to live and work legally in the U.S. for as long as Afghanistan is designated a TPS country. People with permanent status, such as lawful permanent residents, asylees o refugees, are not eligible for TPS.
 
Q: What are the eligibility criteria or requirements to apply for TPS?  A:  To be eligible for TPS, Afghan nationals must have been residing in the U.S. on (or before) September 20, 2023. That means the U.S. is the main country where you lived and worked on September 20, 2023. In addition, applicants must have been continuously physically present in the U.S. since November 21, 2023. Continuous physical presence means you remained inside the U.S. without leaving. There are exceptions to the residence and physical presence requirements for very brief legally sanctioned trips outside the U.S.
Individuals applying for TPS must have no serious criminal record. If you have been convicted of a felony or two or more misdemeanors in the U.S., you may be ineligible for TPS benefits or renewal. Individuals are also ineligible for TPS if they have participated in the persecution of another individual or if they have engaged in or supported terrorist activity. If you have concerns about your eligibility, speak to a legal service provider.
 
Q: I came through Operation Allies Welcome (OAW) program and have humanitarian parolee status. TPS sounds very similar to the protections parolees already receive. Why should I apply for TPS? If I am approved for TPS, what happens to my parole status?
A: Afghans with humanitarian parole under the Operation Allies Welcome (OAW) program retain their parole even if they are granted TPS, so there should be no concern about losing parolee benefits. If TPS is extended for an additional 18 months, only those who already have TPS will be eligible for the extension. The parole period for those who came through OAW is only 2 years, meaning that for some, it may expire before the current TPS extension or re-designation. It is not currently clear whether USCIS will grant re-parole to those whose parole period expires, so applying for TPS is one way to ensure that you can remain in the US legally and not experience a gap in your work authorization.
 
Q: When is a good time to apply for TPS?  A: If you currently have TPS and wish to extend your temporary protected status, you must re-register during the 60-day re-registration period from September 25, 2023 through November 24, 2023 to ensure you keep your TPS and employment authorization without a gap. 
If you are applying for TPS for the first time, the registration period is from September 25, 2023 through May 20, 2025. Afghan humanitarian parolees who wish to register for TPS should plan to do so at least 6 months before their parole is set to expire to avoid a gap in their employment authorization and lawful presence in the U.S.
 
Q: What is the TPS application process?  A: Those interested in applying for TPS are strongly encouraged to speak with a qualified legal service provider to ensure that they meet the eligibility requirements and that there are no legal concerns before submitting their application. It is important to know that each individual must have their own TPS application, including spouses and children. The application for TPS is made on <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-821">Form I-821</a>, which must be filed with the US Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS), together with supporting documents to prove your eligibility, and applicable fees or a completed <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-912">Form I-912</a> request for fee waiver.  If a TPS applicant wants permission to work or wants to have a document for identity purposes (children, for example), they must also file <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-765">Form I-765 Application for Employment Authorization</a>. For more details, applicants should consult the <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/">USCIS website</a>.
 
Q: What documents are needed to complete the TPS application?  A: In order to apply for TPS for the first time, you will need to prove three things:
 
(1) That you are an Afghan national
(2) That you have been continuously residing in the U.S. since September 20, 2023, and 
(3) That you have been continuously physically present in the U.S. since November 21, 2023
 
In submitting documents in support of your application, you should only submit copies of original documents. Do not submit original documents.
 
(1) For proof of Afghan Nationality, an applicant could provide a passport, birth certificate with photo identification, OR a national identity document from Afghanistan with a photo and/or fingerprint.
(2) To prove date of entry, an applicant can use a passport entry stamp, I-94 or other documents that prove you entered the US on or before September 20, 2023. 
(3) To prove your residence in U.S. on or before September 20, 2023, and physical presence since November 21, 2023, you can use a variety of documents. This could include employment records like pay stubs or W-2 forms, bank statements, rent or utility receipts, school records, hospital records, or attestations by resettlement agencies concerning your residence. To learn more about which documents to include, speak to a legal service provider or review the USCIS website.
 
If you already have TPS and are applying for extension of TPS, you do not need to submit any documentation submitted previously.
 
Q: I have TPS that is going to expire on November 20, 2023. Do I need to re-register?
A: Yes. Current beneficiaries who wish to extend their temporary protected status must re-register during the 60-day re-registration period from September 25, 2023 through November 24, 2023 to ensure they keep their TPS and employment authorization without a gap. (Note: It is important for re-registrants to timely re-register during the registration period and not to wait until their Employment Authorization Documents (EADs) expire, as delaying reregistration could result in gaps in their employment authorization documentation.) 
 
Q: I have already applied for TPS but my application is still pending/under review. What should I do?
A: USCIS will continue to process pending applications filed under previous TPS designations for Afghanistan. Individuals with a pending  Form I-821, Application for Temporary Protected Status, or a related  Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, do not need to file either application again. If USCIS approves a pending Form I-821 or Form I-765 filed under the previous designation of TPS for Ukraine, USCIS will grant the individual TPS through April 19, 2025, and issue an EAD valid through the same date.
 
Q: A lot of immigration information can feel overwhelming and very detailed. Where can I get legal advice?
A: Some resettlement agencies may have in-house immigration services; while other resettlement agencies may have community connections or resources they can share. For those who are connected with a resettlement agency, you can check with them first. Outside of the resettlement agency, there is an option to find a legal service provider through this <a href="https://www.immigrationadvocates.org/legaldirectory/">online directory</a>  of Legal Service Providers. You will need to insert your zip code to see a list of providers in your area.
 
It is important to understand that with the arrival of so many parolees, there is a tremendous demand for legal services. Many legal service providers – especially those that charge low or no fees for their services - have long wait times for appointments or are temporarily not taking new clients. It is important to be patient and to check back with service providers for their availability every few weeks.

Temporary Protected Status for Afghans: What You Need to Know 

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<p class="Paragraph SCXW205618571 BCX0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; font-kerning: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"> 
<p class="Paragraph SCXW205618571 BCX0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; font-kerning: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><span class="TextRun SCXW205618571 BCX0" lang="EN-US" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; color: #000000; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_EmbeddedFont, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif;" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="none">Interpreter requirements:<span class="EOP SCXW205618571 BCX0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_EmbeddedFont, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; color: #000000;" data-ccp-props='{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}'>  
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<p class="Paragraph SCXW205618571 BCX0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; font-kerning: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><span class="EOP SCXW205618571 BCX0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_EmbeddedFont, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; color: #000000;" data-ccp-props='{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}'><span class="TextRun SCXW205618571 BCX0" lang="EN-US" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; color: #000000; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_EmbeddedFont, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif;" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="none">The interpreter must be fluent in English and a language the applicant speaks fluently and must be at least 18 years old.<span class="EOP SCXW205618571 BCX0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_EmbeddedFont, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; color: #000000;" data-ccp-props='{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}'>  
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<ol>
<li class="wysiwyg-text-align-left">
An individual with a pending asylum application who has not yet been interviewed
</li>
<li class="wysiwyg-text-align-left">
The applicant's attorney or accredited representative
</li>
<li class="wysiwyg-text-align-left">
A witness testifying on the applicant's behalf
</li>
<li>
A representative or employee of the government of the applicant’s country of nationality (or, if they are stateless, their country of last habitual residence) 
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>

Important Announcement for Affirmative Asylum Applicants 

What is Lead-Based Paint Poisoning? 
Lead is a naturally occurring toxic metal that can cause serious health problems if eaten, touched, or inhaled. In the past, lead was an ingredient in paint used on the interior and exterior of houses and buildings. Though the United States banned the use of all lead-based paint in 1978, lead poisoning from paint in older buildings is a real health threat. 
 
Lead poisoning can affect anyone, but children are especially at risk because they may touch or eat peeling paint chips that contain lead. Children’s bodies are still developing, and their brain and nervous system are very sensitive to the effects of lead, which can lead to learning and behavioral problems, delayed puberty and brain damage. Lead can also damage organs, the blood, and the digestive system. At very high levels, lead poisoning can even be fatal. Lead is not naturally found in the human body, and any amount detected in children is considered lead poisoning. 
 
Before you sign a rental agreement and move into a house or apartment built before 1978, U.S. federal law requires your landlord to share information about lead-based paint hazards. In addition, states and cities have their own laws that address lead contamination and lead poisoning. Some states and cities have very strict lead laws that go beyond the federal laws. The state of New York, for instance, requires children from the ages of 6 months to 6 years old to be tested for lead during routine medical visits. For more information on specific lead laws in your state or city, message us: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/SettleInUS" target="_self">https://www.facebook.com/SettleInUS</a>
 
 
How Can Children Get Lead Poisoning from Old Paint?
Old lead paint can easily crack and peel. Children may eat chips of this paint that fall on the floor. Cracking lead paint also releases tiny particles of lead dust into the air that can settle on toys or other objects that children put in their mouth. Children can also get lead poisoning from licking or chewing on windowsills, furniture, door frames, countertops and other items that may be covered in lead-based paint or dust. Also, if lead paint is scraped or sanded for re-painting, it releases lead dust that can be scattered all around the home and must be thoroughly cleaned by a certified professional. 
 
 
What Are the Symptoms of Lead Poisoning?
Lead poisoning symptoms usually don’t appear until dangerous amounts have accumulated in the body. Therefore, it is important to understand the threat of—and be proactive about—any lead hazards in your home. Symptoms of lead poisoning in children include:
 
<ul>
<li>Learning difficulties</li>
<li>Changes in behavior</li>
<li>Irritability</li>
<li>Headaches</li>
<li>Loss of appetite</li>
<li>Weight loss</li>
<li>Fatigue</li>
<li>Abdominal pain</li>
<li>Vomiting</li>
<li>Constipation</li>
<li>Hearing loss</li>
<li>Seizures</li>
</ul>
 
 
How Do I Know if an Apartment or House Has Lead-Based Paint?
Unless a house or apartment has been inspected by a certified lead inspector, there is no real way to know if there is a lead paint hazard in a home or building built before 1978. Be sure that the landlord is following all federal and state laws requiring lead testing and disclosure. In some states, a lead inspection is required if a child under a certain age will be living in an apartment or house built before 1978. 
 
What Steps Should I Take to Address Potential Poisoning from Lead-Based Paint?
<ul>
<li>Find out if your home or the home you intend to rent was built before 1978. Sometimes this can be done by searching a real estate website like <a href="https://www.realtor.com/">Realtor</a>, <a href="http://zillow.com/">Zillow </a>or <a href="http://trulia.com/">Trulia</a>. This information may also be found online on a state or city database.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Insist that your landlord give you all legally required legal lead hazard disclosures before you move in.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Tell the landlord if you have a new baby, or if a new child under six years old lives with you.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>If you have peeling paint, notify your landlord.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Talk to your child’s doctor about lead.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Have children under the age of 6 tested for lead at least once a year.</li>
</ul>
 
If you discover that you are living in a home built before 1978 that has not been deleaded, here are things you can do to temporarily reduce the chances of your child becoming lead poisoned:
<ul>
<li>Clean your home regularly with paper towels and any household detergent and warm water to wipe up dust and loose paint chips. Rub hard to get rid of more lead. When you are done, put the dirty paper towels in a plastic bag and throw them out. The areas to clean most often are windowsills, doorframes and floors.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Wash your child’s hands often (especially before eating or sleeping) and wash your child’s toys, bottles and pacifiers often.</li>
</ul>
 
Remember, the only way to permanently lower the risk of your child getting lead poisoned is to have your home deleaded if it contains lead paint.
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service under an agreement paid for by the U.S. Department of State.

Understanding the Dangers of Lead-Based Paint in Housing 

Depending on your rental agreement, you may be responsible for the cost of heating your home. Energy used to heat is expensive, and if you live in a cold climate or it is a particularly cold winter, your monthly heating bills may be very high. That is why you should have a plan to conserve energy and save money while keeping your home at a comfortable temperature.
 
In 2020, electricity or natural gas were used to heat 90% of U.S. homes. In the Northeast U.S., heating oil and propane are also common fuels used to heat single-family houses. Propane is also common as a heating fuel in single-family houses in the northern Midwest U.S. If you heat with electricity or gas, you will receive a monthly bill from the energy company. If your rental heats with heating oil or propane, and you are responsible for the cost of heat, you will pay for a tank to be filled up with when it runs low. Tanks will have a gauge on them that show when they are low on oil or gas. You will likely get instructions on how and when to fill the tanks from your landlord or management agent.
 
 
Setting the Right Temperature Inside Your Home
One of the most effective ways to save energy and money during the cold months is to use the thermostat wisely if you have one in your apartment or house. A thermostat is small box mounted on a wall with a built-in thermometer that automatically turns the heat on and off to keep your home at the temperature that you set. Many thermostats can be scheduled to set the temperature lower and save energy when you are not at home or at night while sleeping. Scheduling your thermostat or lowering the temperature manually will save considerable money on your heating bills.  
 
Start by setting the thermostat at 68° Fahrenheit (20° Celsius) when you are home. If you find that your heating bills are too high, you can try setting it at a lower temperature and wear more clothes. You can save up to 3% on your energy bill for each degree lower you set your thermostat. Schedule or set the thermostat to 62° Fahrenheit (17° Celsius) when you go to sleep. Set it back to your preferred daytime temperature about one half hour before the family wakes up. If no one is home during certain hours of day because everyone is at work or school, set or schedule the thermostat back down to 62° Fahrenheit (17° Celsius), then back up to 68° Fahrenheit (20° Celsius) when people get home. 
 
IMPORTANT!  Never turn your heat completely off in the winter. If you are going away, set it from 55°-60° Fahrenheit (13°-15° Celsius). If you turn your heat off, your pipes may freeze and break, and you will be responsible for the cost of plumbing repair and flooding damage which could cost thousands of dollars.
 
Some rentals have electric heaters built into the walls of rooms. Turn these heaters off in rooms that are not in use, except in kitchens and bathrooms to protect pipes from freezing.
 
 If you use portable electric heaters for additional heat, 
<ul>
<li>Never leave them on if you are not in the room. </li>
<li>Do not use an extension cord when using portable heaters. </li>
<li>Unplug them when not in use.</li>
<li>Keep flammable items like clothes, paper, or furniture at least three feet away from them.</li>
</ul>
 
And remember that portable electric heaters use a lot of energy. Use them only when absolutely necessary.
 
 
Keep the Cold Outside and the Heat Inside
Up to a third of a typical home’s heat loss is through windows and doors. Seal these openings with insulation, weatherstripping or caulking material to keep cold air outside and warm air inside. Install door sweeps on the bottom of doors that open to the outside. You can buy these materials at a hardware store or big box store. Insulating leaks can save an average household 10% to 20% on its annual heating bill.
 
Closing curtains during the winter can help to reduce up to 10 percent in heat loss. If curtains are hung close to the windows, they can help prevent as much as 25 percent of that heat loss. However, opening curtains on sunlit windows during the day can warm a room. Just remember to close the curtains at night or on windows that don’t get as much sun.  Also, make sure that heating vents are not blocked by furniture or other objects.
 
If you have difficulty paying your energy bill, there are government and charitable programs that may be able to help. Start by visiting this link:
   <a href="https://www.needhelppayingbills.com/html/need_help_with_electric_bills.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.needhelppayingbills.com/html/need_help_with_electric_bills.html</a>
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service under an agreement paid for by the U.S. Department of State.

Heating Your Home and Saving Energy 

The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced an 18-month extension and redesignation of <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/temporary-protected-status/TPS-Ukraine" target="_self">Ukraine for Temporary Protected Status</a> on Aug. 21, 2023. Both the extension and the redesignation will run from Oct. 20, 2023 through April 19, 2025.
 
Do you already have TPS? If you already have TPS and would like to extend your status through April 19, 2025, you must re-register during the 60-day registration period, which begins Aug. 21, 2023.
 
Don’t have TPS? You might qualify for it now. Ukrainian nationals (and individuals having no nationality who last habitually resided in Ukraine) who have continuously resided in the United States since Aug. 16, 2023, and have been continuously physically present in the United States since Oct. 20, 2023, may file an application to obtain TPS. New applicants can apply from Aug. 21, 2023 through the end of the TPS period, ending April 19, 2025.
 
Frequently Asked Questions: Temporary Protected Status for Ukrainians
 
Q: What is Temporary Protected Status (TPS)? 
A: TPS is a temporary immigration status provided to nationals of certain countries experiencing war, natural disaster, or other conditions that make it difficult or unsafe to return to those countries. TPS allows you to temporarily live and work legally in the U.S. TPS does not lead to permanent immigration status or a “green card.” Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolees and TPS holders who wish to seek permanent resident status in the U.S. must qualify through other pathways.
 
Q: Who is eligible to apply for TPS? A: If you are a Ukrainian national (or if you have no nationality and last habitually resided in Ukraine) and are in the U.S. now without permanent immigration status here, you may be able to apply for TPS. This would allow you to live and work legally in the U.S. for as long as Ukraine is designated a TPS country. People with permanent status, such as Lawful Permanent Residents, Asylees or Refugees, are not eligible for TPS.
 
Q: What are the eligibility criteria or requirements to apply for TPS? A: It is very important to beware of the requirements of each immigration status and benefits. To be eligible for TPS, Ukrainian nationals must: Have been residing in the U.S. on (or before) August 16, 2023. That means the U.S. is the main country where you lived and worked on August 16, 2023. In addition, applicants must have been continuously present in the U.S. since October 20, 2023. Continuous physical presence means you remained inside the U.S. without leaving. There are exceptions to the residence and physical presence requirements for very brief trips outside the U.S.
Individuals applying for TPS must have no serious criminal record. If you have been convicted of a felony or two or more misdemeanors in the U.S., you may be ineligible for TPS benefits or renewal. Individuals are also ineligible for TPS if they have participated in the persecution of another individual or if they have engaged in or supported terrorist activity. If you have concerns about your eligibility, speak to a legal service provider.
 
Q: How long is TPS valid? A: The current period of TPS for Ukraine started on August 21, 2023, and ends on April 19, 2025. The U.S. government could choose to extend TPS for Ukraine for up to an additional 18 months. If it does get extended and you received TPS during this current designation period, you would need to renew your registration during any extension of designation.
 
Q: I came through Uniting for Ukraine program and have a humanitarian parolee status. TPS sounds very similar to the protections parolees already receive. Why should I apply for TPS? If I am approved for TPS, what happens to my parole status? A: Ukrainians with humanitarian parole under the Uniting for Ukraine program retain their parole even if they are granted TPS, so there should be no concern about losing parolee benefits. If TPS is extended for an additional 18 months, only those who already have TPS will be eligible for the extension. The parole period for those who came through United for Ukraine is only 2 years, meaning that for some, it may expire before the current TPS extension or re-designation. It is not currently clear whether USCIS will grant re-parole to those whose parole period expires, so applying for TPS is one way to ensure that you can remain in the US legally and not experience a gap in your work authorization.
 
Q: When is a good time to apply for TPS? A: If you currently have TPS and wish to extend your temporary protected status, you must re-register during the 60-day re-registration period from August 21, 2023 through October 20, 2023 to ensure you keep your TPS and employment authorization without a gap. If you are applying for TPS for the first time, the registration period is from August 21, 2023 through April 19, 2025. Ukrainian humanitarian parolees who wish to register for TPS should plan to do so at least 6 months before their parole is set to expire to avoid a gap in their employment authorization and accrual of unlawful presence.
 
Q: What is the TPS application process? A: Those interested in applying for TPS are strongly encouraged to speak with a qualified legal service provider to ensure that they meet the eligibility requirements and that there are no legal concerns before submitting their application. It is important to know that each individual must have their own TPS application, including spouses and children. The application for TPS is made on Form I-821, which must be filed with the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS), together with supporting documents to prove your eligibility, and applicable fees or a completed Form I-912 request for fee waiver. If a TPS applicant wants permission to work or wants to have a document for identity purposes (children, for example), they must also file Form I-765 Application for Employment Authorization. For more details, applicants should consult <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/" target="_self">USCIS website</a>.
 
Q: What documents are needed to complete the TPS application? A: In order to apply for TPS for the first time, you will need to prove three things:
(1) that you are a Ukraine national
(2) that you have been continuously residing in the U.S. since Aug. 16, 2023, and
(3) that you have been continuously physically present in the U.S. since Oct. 20, 2023. In submitting documents in support of your application, you should only submit copies of original documents. Do not submit original documents.
 
(1) For proof of Ukraine Nationality, an applicant could provide a passport, birth certificate with photo identification, OR a national identity document from Ukraine with a photo and/or fingerprint.
(2) To prove date of entry, an applicant can use a passport entry stamp, I-94 or other documents that prove you entered the US on or before August 16, 2023.
(3) To prove your residence in U.S. on or before August 16, 2023, and physical presence since October 20, 2023, you can use a variety of documents. This could include employment records like pay stubs or W-2 forms, bank statements, rent or utility receipts, school records, hospital records, or attestations by resettlement agencies concerning your residence. To learn more about which documents to include, speak to a legal service provider or review the USCIS website.
If you already have TPS and are applying for extension of TPS, you do not need to submit any documentation submitted previously.
 
Q: I have TPS that is going to expire on October 19, 2023. Do I need to re-register?
A: Yes. Current beneficiaries who wish to extend their temporary protected status must re-register in a timely manner during the 60-day re-registration period from August 21, 2023 through October 20, 2023 to ensure they keep their TPS and employment authorization without a gap. Recognizing that not all re-registrants may receive a new Employment Authorization Document (EAD) before their current EAD expires, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is automatically extending EADs previously issued through October 19, 2024.
 
Q: I have already applied for TPS but my application is still pending/under review. What should I do?
A: USCIS will continue to process pending applications filed under previous TPS designations for Ukraine. Individuals with a pending <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-821">Form I-821, Application for Temporary Protected Status</a>, or a related <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-765">Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization</a>, do not need to file either application again. If USCIS approves a pending Form I-821 or Form I-765 filed under the previous designation of TPS for Ukraine, USCIS will grant the individual TPS through April 19, 2025, and issue an EAD valid through the same date.
 
Q: A lot of immigration information can feel overwhelming and very detailed. Where can I get legal advice?
A: Some resettlement agencies may have in-house immigration services; while other resettlement agencies may have community connections or resources they can share. For those who are connected with a resettlement agency, you can check with them first. Outside of the resettlement agency, there is an option to find a legal service provider through this <a href="https://www.immigrationadvocates.org/legaldirectory/">online directory</a> of Legal Service Providers. You will need to insert your zip code to see a list of providers in your area.
It is important to understand that with the arrival of so many parolees, there is a tremendous demand for legal services. Many legal service providers – especially those that charge low or no fees for their services - have long wait times for appointments or are temporarily not taking new clients. It is important to be patient and to check back with service providers for their availability every few weeks.

Temporary Protected Status for Ukrainians: What You Need to Know

When a new school year starts, it’s important to make sure kids are physically and mentally prepared to get back to the classroom.  Let's explore some tips that can help make the transition back to school easier.
 
Have a Conversation with Your Child
In preparation for school, start by having a conversation. Children may have many different feelings about going to school including excitement, nervousness, or even fear. This is especially true for those going to school for the first time, those going to a new school, or going to school for the first time in the U.S. Ask how they feel about going to school and let them know that it is normal to have many different feelings. Let them know they can come talk to you if they face challenges in school with friends, teachers, or their schoolwork. 
 
Sleep Well 
Getting enough sleep is important to a child's physical and mental well-being and affects their performance in school. During the summer holidays, kids may have adjusted to a relaxed sleep schedule, staying up later and waking up later in the morning. To help them get back into a school routine, gradually adjust their sleep schedule a couple of weeks before the first day of school and create routines around sleep and waking up. Consistent bedtimes and wake-up times ensure they get enough sleep each night.
 
A bedtime routine is especially helpful, especially if your family has a shared sleeping space. Calming activities before bed, such as reading a book together, saying a prayer, or sitting together to talk about your day can help relax the body which leads to better sleep. This can include a regular time for getting ready for bed and going to bed, as well as things like brushing their teeth, washing their face, reading a book, saying a prayer, or sitting together and talking about your day. People of all ages need enough sleep to think clearly, learn and function. This is especially true for children and youth who need enough sleep to grow and develop. On average toddlers (1–2 years) need 11–14 hours a day including naps. preschool (3–5 years) need 10–13 hours, including naps. school-age (6–13 years) need 9–12 hours and teens (14–17 years) need 8–10 hours.
 
Healthy Eating and Movement
During the summer, children may have eaten meals at less regular times or eating more unhealthy foods. As the new school year starts, think about how you can encourage healthy eating habits. This may involve talking with your student about healthy breakfast or lunch options, or signing your student up for a free or cost-reduced lunch at their school.
 
A balanced and nutritious diet is essential for children's growth, development, and academic performance. Before the new school year begins, take the time to evaluate their eating habits and make any necessary adjustments. Breakfasts that include a combination of protein, whole grains, and fruits or vegetables, are a great way to start the day. A nutritious breakfast provides the energy needed for a productive day at school. 
  Physical activity is also vital for a child's physical health, learning ability, and emotional well-being. Think about how you can help your children move regularly, even if it's just a short walk, a basketball game, or kite flying after dinner. Regular physical activity improves their overall health, their ability to concentrate and learn in the classroom, and the quality of their sleep.
 
Creating an Emotionally Supportive Environment 
A new school year can bring about a mix of emotions for children, including excitement and nervousness. Listening to them express their feelings and concerns about going back to school will help address any anxieties they may have. Discussing positive experiences they’ve had in the past at school and reassure them that they have your support throughout the school year.
 
Try to find out when the school start and end time is, and how your student will get to school and get home. If you have access to the Internet, speak English, or know someone who can help you that speaks English, visit the school’s web page. Read about the teachers and activities offered at the school. Review all of this with your student to help reduce uncertainty and decrease worries. Plan with your child what to do if they get sick at school. This would include rehearsing what to say to a teacher and who the school should call. For younger children, discuss what they should do if they feel anxious or are missing you. This may include things like providing something small from their parent they can hold in their pocket or practicing slow breathing to calm down. 
 
Involving children in the back-to-school preparation process creates a sense of responsibility and independence, which can ease anxiety. Allow them to pick out their school supplies, lunch boxes, and backpacks, which can boost their confidence and enthusiasm for the new school year.
 
Some children may be worried about getting sick, be worried about germs, or especially concerned about getting sick with COVID-19. Talking to your children about hand hygiene like washing hands before eating or washing after using the bathroom is a good way to reduce their sickness anxiety. You can also talk to your kids about vaccines for preventable diseases, such as the flu shot or the COVID-19 bivalent booster and make an appointment to get vaccinated.
 
As a new school year approaches, remember that preparation is more than just shopping for school supplies. By focusing on sleep, healthy eating, and overall well-being, we increase the chances of our children's success and happiness. Encouraging a balanced and supportive lifestyle can help ensure that kids are prepared, rested, and ready to begin the new school year.

Tips on Getting Children Ready for the School Year 

What Is a Hurricane? Hurricanes are powerful storms that can cause significant damage to homes, infrastructure, and pose serious risks to human life. Being well-prepared and knowing how to stay safe during a hurricane is crucial for anyone living in or visiting areas prone to these storms.  
 
Hurricanes form at sea in the Gulf of Mexico or Atlantic Ocean. They can grow rapidly into enormous storms, sometimes hundreds of miles wide and can affect large areas at the same time. You are especially at risk from hurricanes if you live in South Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, District of Columbia, Maryland, Delaware, eastern Pennsylvania, New Jersey, eastern New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine. Hurricanes can also reach inland of these states causing torrential rain, flooding, damaging wind, and even tornados. Official hurricane season is from June 1st to November 30th.
 
Be Informed   Stay updated with the latest information from reliable sources such as the <a href="https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/" target="_self">National Hurricane Center</a>, local emergency management agencies, and news outlets. Pay attention to hurricane watches and warnings issued for your area. Understand the difference between a hurricane watch in your area (hurricane conditions are possible) and a hurricane warning (hurricane conditions are expected). 
 
Prepare an Emergency Kit   Create an emergency kit well in advance of any hurricane threats and make sure you have enough food and water to last for five days. Be aware that your tap water may be contaminated after a hurricane and that if a hurricane watch or warning is issued, the shelves of stores may empty quickly of water, food and other crucial supplies. For more information on emergency kits, visit this Settle In Help Center link:  <a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/10905687945885" target="_self">https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/10905687945885</a>
 
Secure Your Property   Take precautions to protect your home from potential damage. Trim trees and shrubs, secure loose outdoor items, and reinforce doors and windows. Secure or bring indoors garbage cans, outdoor furniture, grills, or any equipment that could become dangerous projectiles in strong winds. 
 
Evacuate When You Are Advised   If authorities issue evacuation orders for your area, take them seriously and evacuate promptly. Know in advance, and follow designated evacuation routes. Have a pre-planned destination in mind, such as a friend's or relative's house, a hotel, or a designated shelter. Leave early to avoid heavy traffic and potential hazards. Remember, it is always better be cautious when it comes to your safety.
 
Create a Family Emergency Plan   Develop a family emergency plan and ensure everyone in your household understands it. Establish a meeting point in case you get separated. Assign responsibilities to each family member, such as gathering important documents, packing the emergency kit, or caring for pets. Share your plan with relatives or friends outside the affected area so they can stay updated on your whereabouts. 
 
Stay Safe During the Storm   If you are unable to evacuate, take necessary precautions: 
<ul>
<li>Stay indoors away from windows and glass.</li>
<li>Keep curtains, shutters or shades closed during the storm to protect against breaking window glass.</li>
<li>Seek shelter in a small, windowless, interior room on the lowest level of your home. </li>
<li>Monitor weather updates and emergency alerts. </li>
<li>Keep your emergency kit and a supply of fresh water easily accessible. </li>
<li>Use flashlights for lighting rather than candles, as they pose a fire risk. </li>
<li>Avoid using electrical appliances and corded phones during the storm. </li>
<li>Stay tuned to local authorities for updates and instructions. </li>
</ul>
 
After the Storm   Even after the hurricane has passed, it's important to remain cautious and follow safety guidelines. Stay away from flooded areas, downed power lines, and debris. Be aware of potential hazards, such as weakened building structures or contaminated water. Assess your surroundings and follow the directions of emergency officials.

Staying Safe During Hurricanes 

A driver’s license is an important document and is required to drive a car in the United States. It can be used as identification and also increases opportunities for employment. 
 
Each state has its own rules and requirements for issuing a driver’s license to newcomers. Some states’ driver’s license departments offer interpretation services and written tests available in various languages, though these services in some states may be limited or may be unavailable in your language. Even if translation services are available in your state, if your English skills are limited, enrolling in English classes before applying for a driver’s license is important because you will need to understand road signs and to interact with other drivers.
 
The first step in applying will be to get information from the government agency that issues driver’s licenses in your state. Each state has a name for the department that issues driver’s licenses. In some states it is called the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV), in others the Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV). In Massachusetts, it’s called the Registry of Motor Vehicles (RMV). In Texas, it’s called the Department of Public Safety. Some states use other names for this department. Hawaii is the only state where the counties, not the state, issue drivers’ licenses.
 
The department in your state that issues driver’s licenses will have a website with instructions on how to apply for your license. If you have difficulty reading English, find someone to help you explain the steps listed on your state’s website. Some resettlement agencies may also be able to assist you in getting your driver's license. If you are connected with a resettlement agency, ask if this support is available.
 
While the steps and requirements vary by state, most newcomers in the United States should prepare to take most of the following actions to obtain a driver’s license (the process could be simplified if your state accepts your driver’s license from another country): 
 
<ul>
<li>Apply for a learner’s permit or restricted license</li>
<li>Enroll in driver training classes or practice with a licensed driver  </li>
<li>Take tests (knowledge exam, on-the-road skills test, vision test) </li>
<li>Submit an application, show identification documents, and pay fees</li>
</ul>
 
Example: Applying For a Driver’s License in Virginia 
Let’s use the example of applying for a driver’s license in Virginia. In Virginia, if you are age 18 or older and you have never held a driver’s license issued by any U.S. state, U.S. territory, Canada, France, Germany, South Korea, Taiwan, or Japan, you must apply for a learner’s permit before you can get your driver’s license. A learner's permit lets you practice driving a vehicle when a licensed driver is seated beside you. The licensed driver must be at least 21 years old, or 18 years of age or older if they are your legal guardian or sibling. 
 
As of 2023, to apply for a learner's permit in Virginia, you must complete two steps:
 
Step 1
 
Visit a Virginia DMV customer service center and submit the following:
<ul>
<li>A completed application for a Virginia Driver’s License (you can do this online or on paper).</li>
<li>A learner's permit fee plus the driver’s license fee </li>
<li>One proof of identity</li>
<li>One proof of legal presence in the U.S.</li>
<li>Two proofs of Virginia residency</li>
<li>Proof of your Social Security Number (SSN), if you have been issued one. If you know your SSN, DMV can verify it electronically.</li>
</ul>
 
For information on documents that are acceptable as proof, visit this link on the website: 
 
<a href="https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/webdoc/pdf/dmv141.pdf" target="_self">https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/webdoc/pdf/dmv141.pdf</a>
 
NOTE: Some states now do not require proof of legal presence in the U.S. to get a driver’s license. Visit this link to learn more:
 
<a href="https://www.ncsl.org/immigration/states-offering-drivers-licenses-to-immigrants" target="_self">https://www.ncsl.org/immigration/states-offering-drivers-licenses-to-immigrants</a>
 
Step 2
 
Take a vision test (If you wear glasses or contact lenses, bring them), then pass a two-part written knowledge exam at the DMV. Visit this link on the Virginia DMV website for information on how to prepare for the knowledge exam before you go to the DMV customer service center, and to view a list of the languages in which the exam is available: 
 
<a href="https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/drivers/#know_exam.asp" target="_self">https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/drivers/#know_exam.asp</a>
 
After you successfully complete these steps, the DMV will mail the permit to the address you used in your application. If you are moving, notify the DMV right away, as the U.S. Postal Service will not forward learner's permits.
 
NOTE: In Virginia, if you are temporarily authorized to be in the U.S., you will receive a limited duration learner's permit, which is only valid for the amount of time that you are legally permitted to stay in the U.S. The expiration of the learner's permit will be the same as the expiration date shown on the document used to prove legal presence. You will not be eligible to receive a limited duration learner's permit if your authorized stay in the U.S. is less than 30 days from the date of your application.
 
 
After You Receive Your Learner’s Permit
After you receive your learner’s permit, you have two options to continue the process to get your driver’s license.
 
Option 1
 
You can pay for and successfully complete a state-approved driver education program, get a certificate of completion, then go the DMV and apply for your license. 
 
Option 2
 
You can apply for your driver’s license without taking a driver education program by holding a learner’s permit for 60 days, then passing a road skills test at the DMV. You must arrange to bring a car for the road skills test and present a completed <a href="https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/webdoc/pdf/csma19.pdf" target="_self">In-Car Maneuvers Observation Record</a> document signed by a licensed driver who accompanied you during the 60 days you held the permit. In Virginia, interpreters are available for the road skills test in certain languages at certain DMV locations. Information on how to prepare for the road skills test can be found at this link on the Virginia DMV website:
 
<a href="https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/general/#skillstest.asp" target="_self">https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/general/#skillstest.asp</a>
 
Applying For a Virginia Driver’s License
If you needed to fulfill the learner’s permit requirements and did this successfully, you can apply for your license by again visiting a Virginia DMV customer service center. You will submit:
 
<ul>
<li>The completed Virginia Driver's License application</li>
<li>All required documents</li>
<li>Driver education program completion certificate</li>
</ul>
 
Upon completing this process, a Virginia driver’s license valid for eight years will be mailed to you. If you are temporarily authorized to be in the U.S., you will receive a “limited duration driver's license,” which will be valid for the amount of time that you are legally permitted to stay in the U.S.
 
NOTE: If you are 18 or older and have a valid license from another U.S. state, you only need to complete an application for a Virginia Driver’s License, submit the proper documents, pay the fee, and take a vision test. You don't have to complete any driver training requirements. 
 
Remember, each state has its own website, rules, fees, and requirements. We used Virginia as an example to help you understand the general application process in your state.

How to Get a Driver’s License in Your State 

Depending on where you live in the United States, it may get very hot in your home during part of the year. In some places the heat may become unhealthy—even life-threatening. Energy used for cooling is expensive and is almost always a separate expense from monthly rent. So, you should have a plan to keep your home cool, while also conserving energy. 
 
Almost all air conditioning in the United States is powered by electricity. If you have air conditioning in your home, you should try to use it efficiently to save energy and money. A dehumidifier will also cool by pulling moisture out of the air. However, dehumidifiers need to run for long periods of time to be effective, so they use a lot of energy. Electric fans use much less energy than air conditioners or dehumidifiers, so using floor, tabletop, or ceiling fans instead of air conditioning will save a lot of money on energy bills. Using fans along with air conditioners that are set at a higher temperature may also reduce the energy needed for an air conditioner to cool a room. 
 
If you require an air conditioner to cool your home, note that there are three types of air conditioning systems commonly used in rentals in the United States: 
<ol>
<li>Air conditioners that fit in a room’s window </li>
<li>Portable air conditioners with wheels that sit on the floor and can be moved from room to room</li>
<li>Air conditioning that comes from a main unit in the building or home, also known as “central air”</li>
</ol>
 
Window Air Conditioners
The most common way a rental home is cooled is by window air conditioners. There may already be window air conditioners installed in rooms by the landlord, but usually the renter buys and installs their own air conditioner or air conditioners. 
 
Portable Air Conditioners
Window air conditioners won’t fit in windows that are less than 22 inches wide. If the window in a room is less than 22 inches wide, a portable air conditioner will be your only option. Portable air conditioners are less energy efficient and more expensive than window air conditioners. 
 
Tips When Buying an Air Conditioner
<ul>
<li>If you buy an air conditioner, look for the Energy Star logo. Energy Star-rated air conditioners are tested and confirmed to be energy efficient. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Choose an air conditioner model recommended for the size of the room you will cool. If you buy one that is too powerful for the recommended room size, it will use more energy than needed when switched on. If you buy an air conditioner that is not powerful enough for a room, it might not cool the room enough, which is also a waste of energy. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Many air conditioner models have timers that can schedule a temperature at different times of day or night, which reduces energy use when you are not at home. Choose one that can be programmed.</li>
</ul>
 
Air Conditioning Energy Saving Tips
<ul>
<li>The U.S. Department of Energy recommends setting the temperature on your air conditioning at 78 degrees Fahrenheit. If this is not comfortable, find a temperature a few degrees lower. Keep in mind that each degree Fahrenheit you set the temperature higher could save 1% to 3% in energy costs. Since electricity is very expensive, it can add up to considerable savings. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>On a hot day, don’t turn the air conditioning completely off when no one is at home, either set it at 78 degrees or a little higher. This is to save on the extra energy that will be needed to get your home back to a comfortable temperature.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Use or install window shades or curtains on windows and keep them closed to block the sun.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Some air conditioners have filters you can clean, and some have filters that you need to replace. Clean or replace the filter on your air conditioners as recommended or when visibly dirty. A dirty filter will cause the air conditioner to work harder and use more energy.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Fill openings to the outside around your window air conditioner to keep the cool air inside. Seal other window frame cracks and openings to keep hot air outside. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Keep doors closed to rooms when air conditioners are running.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Close all windows where there is air conditioning.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>For window air conditioners and central air, be sure air vents are open or not blocked by furniture.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Avoid using your oven or other heat-producing appliances on very hot days. Turn off any lights not in use.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Using cotton sheets instead of synthetic ones when you sleep helps you keep cool.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Some energy companies offer plans that charge less for electricity during “off peak” times when the demand is lower. This is sometimes called a time-of-use (TOU) plan. In the summer, a TOU plan would charge less for electricity at night when there is less strain on the energy delivery system for cooling. With some companies, a TOU plan may be already built into your plan and with others you will need to sign up. Find out if the company that provides electricity to your home offers a TOU or off peak rate plan. These plans can vary, but typically they are in effect from around 8 pm to 8 am in the summer. Using energy-intensive appliances like air conditioners or dehumidifiers during off peak hours on a TOU plan will save energy and money.</li>
</ul>
 
If you have difficulty paying your energy bill, there are government and charitable programs that may be able to assist you. Start by visiting this link:
  <a href="https://www.needhelppayingbills.com/html/need_help_with_electric_bills.html" target="_self">https://www.needhelppayingbills.com/html/need_help_with_electric_bills.html</a>
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service under an agreement paid for by the U.S. Department of State.

Keeping Your Home Cool While Saving Energy 

Extreme heat can result in dangerous illnesses such as heat exhaustion or heat stroke. As temperatures rise, it's crucial to take necessary precautions to protect yourself and prevent heat-related illnesses. 
 
Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke 
Heat stroke and heat exhaustion are both serious heat-related illnesses that can occur when the body is exposed to high temperatures and fails to cool itself properly. While they share some similarities, they have distinct characteristics and levels of severity. 
 
Heat exhaustion is a condition that typically occurs when a person is exposed to high temperatures and engages in vigorous physical activity or spends extended time in a hot environment. Symptoms of heat exhaustion include excessive sweating, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, headache, muscle cramps, and a rapid heartbeat. If not addressed promptly, heat exhaustion can lead to an even more serious condition called heat stroke.
 
Heat stroke is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the body's core temperature rises to dangerous levels, typically above 104°F (40°C).  Heat stroke can develop rapidly and requires immediate medical attention. The signs and symptoms of heat stroke include high body temperature, confusion or disorientation, hot and dry skin, rapid and shallow breathing, a rapid heartbeat, an intense and persistent headache, nausea and vomiting, or a loss of consciousness.  
 
Both heat exhaustion and heat stroke are serious conditions, and seeking medical attention is essential. If you suspect either condition, act immediately to keep the body cool using water or ice packs. Working quickly to bring down the body’s temperature can help prevent complications and potentially save lives. 
 
How to Stay Safe During Extreme Heat  
<ul>
<li>Drink plenty of water throughout the day, even if you don't feel thirsty. Avoid excessive intake of caffeinated or alcoholic beverages as they can contribute to dehydration. Always carry a reusable water bottle with you, and if you engage in physical activities, make sure to replenish fluids more frequently. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Wear lightweight, loose-fitting, and light-colored clothing that allows your body to breathe. Wear natural fabrics such as cotton or linen, which help keep you cool. Avoid dark colors as they tend to absorb heat. If you're outdoors, consider wearing a wide-brimmed hat and ultraviolet (UV)-protective sunglasses to protect your head and eyes from the sun. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Limit your exposure to direct sunlight. If possible, stay indoors in air-conditioned spaces or places with fans. If you must be outside, try to schedule activities during the cooler parts of the day, such as early morning or late evening. Seek shade wherever possible and take regular breaks in cooler areas to give your body a chance to cool down. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF (Sun Protection Factor) to exposed skin, at least 15 to 30 minutes before going outside. Reapply sunscreen every two hours or more frequently if you're sweating heavily or swimming. Additionally, use lip balm with SPF to protect your lips from getting sunburned.  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li> If you don't have access to air conditioning, use fans or open windows to circulate air. Close curtains or blinds during the hottest parts of the day to block out sunlight. If possible, use reflective window coverings or apply heat-reflective film to windows to minimize heat absorption. Consider using a cool misting fan or cold compresses to help lower your body temperature.  Many communities also open air-conditioned emergency cooling centers during extreme heat. You can call your city or town’s information phone number, check their website, or ask a neighbor to help find an emergency cooling center.</li>
</ul>
Infants, young children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing medical conditions are more susceptible to heat-related illnesses. Ensure they have access to a cool environment and are adequately hydrated. Offer assistance to those who may need it and encourage them to seek medical attention immediately if they exhibit signs of heat exhaustion or heat stroke.

Staying Safe in Extreme Heat  

On June 8, 2023, the US Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) announced a streamlined process for Afghans paroled into the US through Operation Allies Rescue/Operation Allies Welcome (OAR/OAW) to apply for re-parole and renewal of work authorization. See below for more information about this process.
 
Who should apply for re-parole?
Any Afghan who received humanitarian parole (category OAR/OAW or PAR on the I-94) after being relocated out of Afghanistan following the fall of the former Afghan government in July 2021, and who has not applied for asylum or adjustment to lawful permanent resident (LPR) status in the US, should apply for re-parole before their current period of parole expires. If approved for re-parole, their I-94 will be updated to show an additional 2-year period of parole.
 
How do I apply for re-parole?
Applicants for re-parole can apply on-line or by mail by completing form <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-131" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">I-131 Application for Travel Document.</a> There is no fee to apply for re-parole. See detailed instructions for completing form I-131 on the USCIS website at <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/information-for-afghan-nationals/re-parole-process-for-certain-afghans" target="_self">https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/information-for-afghan-nationals/re-parole-process-for-certain-afghans</a>
<ul>
<li>To apply on-line, each applicant, including children, must have their own <a href="https://my.uscis.gov/" target="_self">myUSCIS account</a> that is linked to a unique email address. </li>
<li>To file by mail, applicants should fill out Form I-131 and write “RE-PAROLE” at the top of the form. Applicants filing by mail should be sure to use the 06/06/23 version of Form I-131.</li>
</ul>
 
Will USCIS also provide a new Employment Authorization Document (EAD) when they approve my application for re-parole?
Upon approval of re-parole, applicants will also receive a renewal of work authorization. There is no need to file a separate Form I-765 to request a new EAD. In order to receive an updated EAD card to prove on-going work authorization, applicants for re-parole MUST check the box on the I-131 (the on-line or paper form) asking for an EAD, and write “OAW EAD” at the top of the paper I-131 form if filing by mail. 
 
What about parolees who have applied for asylum or LPR status?
Afghan parolees who have filed an asylum application (Form I-589) or application for adjustment to LPR status (Form I-485) do not need to apply for re-parole (note: this also applies to the unmarried children under 21 and spouses of those who have applied for asylum, if they are included in the principal’s application). USCIS will, on a case-by-case basis, consider automatically extending their parole and parole-based employment authorization for an additional two years. Upon extension of parole, their I-94 will be automatically updated and they will receive a notice on Form I-797C extending their parole and work authorization. Form I-797C may be used to prove work authorization for the duration of their extended parole period. If they want a facially valid Employment Authorization Document, they may apply for one using Form I-765. A new EAD is not necessary, however, to prove that they are authorized to work.
 
What if I applied for Temporary Protected Status (TPS)?
Afghan parolees who have applied for TPS and have not also applied for asylum or LPR status will not automatically be considered for parole extension but must apply for re-parole.
 
Can I continue to receive benefits after my parole expires?
Afghan parolees whose parole expires and who have not been granted re-parole or extension of parole will no longer be eligible for government benefits. Those whose parole is extended or renewed will remain eligible for benefits.

Facts About the Re-Parole Process for Afghans  

Common Signs of Fear, Worry, and Stress in Young Children   
Being forced to seek safety in a new country is very difficult. Young children may not have the words to express how they feel, and emotions often show up in behavior. Here are common signs of fear, worry and stress in young children:   
<ul>
<li>Having difficulty sleeping -such as trouble falling asleep alone, waking up frequently, having nightmares or wetting the bed  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Returning to younger age behaviors or habits  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Being afraid to separate from parent or caregiver  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Developing new fears or worries, being unable to calm themselves after getting upset  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Having bodily complaints (stomachaches, headaches, etc.)</li>
</ul>
 
Helping Children Manage Stress  
As a parent or caregiver, you are in the best position to help your child heal from past events, manage worries, and adjust to a new environment.  Here are some ways that you can help your child manage stress:  
<ul>
<li>Make time to be together, hold them and let them know you are there to keep them safe.  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>If you must go away, tell them where you are going and when you will be back. Leave them with a familiar item that might help them feel secure.  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Keep them away from frightening images and conversations.  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Establish a routine that includes set times to wake up, eat, and go to bed.  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Do familiar things with them like singing a favorite song or telling a special story.  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Let your child talk about what happened to them or their feelings in their own way.   </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>If your child is misbehaving, recognize what they are feeling and show them a better and more positive way to respond.   </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>When your child has difficult behavior, stay calm. This will help calm them down and let them know they are safe with you.  </li>
</ul>
 
Behavioral Signs in Children: When to Seek Support   
Your child needs time to heal and adjust. However, if you observe these behaviors, reach out to your child's doctor, teacher, caseworker or counselor for support:  
<ul>
<li>Your child’s mood or behavior does not improve or gets worse.  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Your child has frequent bodily complaints (headache, stomachache, etc.) . </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Your child is having trouble regaining a skill they previously mastered or you are worried about their development.  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Your child talks about harming themselves and/or others or engages in harmful behavior.</li>
</ul>

Helping Children Cope with Fear, Worry and Stress    

A tornado is a vertical column of powerful spinning air that drops down from a cloud and moves across the land. The width of a tornado can be from a few feet to over a mile. They are caused when cool air meets hot air, and though they can occur on any day of the year, they are more common in the spring, summer, and autumn. In 2022, most tornadoes in the U.S. occurred in the months of March, April, May, June, and November. Most tornadoes occur east of the Rocky Mountains in the Great Plains, Midwest and Southeast, but they have been reported in all 50 states. The United States experiences about a thousand tornadoes every year. View this <a href="https://hazards.fema.gov/nri/tornado" target="_self">map</a> that shows the risk of tornados by state in the U.S.
 
Tornado Alerts
Tornadoes can be dangerous and destructive. There are two types of tornado alerts that you should be familiar with: tornado watch and tornado warning. When there is a tornado watch, it means that a tornado is possible in and around the watch area. Be prepared to take shelter when there is a tornado watch in your area. When there is a tornado warning, it means that a tornado has already been spotted and you should take shelter immediately.
 
Staying Protected in Your Home 
<ul>
<li>The safest place in the home is the interior part of a basement. </li>
<li>If a basement is not accessible, go to an inside room, without windows, on the lowest floor. This could be a center hallway, bathroom, or closet. </li>
<li>Avoid taking shelter where there are heavy objects on the floor directly above you, such as a refrigerator. Heavy objects could fall through the floor if the tornado strikes your house. </li>
<li>For added protection, get under something sturdy, such as a heavy table or workbench. If possible, cover your body with a blanket, sleeping bag, or mattress, and protect your head with anything available—even your hands. </li>
<li>Stay away from windows. The glass from an exploding window can severely injure or kill.  </li>
<li>If you’re unable to move from a bed or a chair and assistance is not available, protect yourself from falling objects by covering yourself with blankets and pillows. </li>
<li>If you’re outside and a tornado is approaching, try to find shelter immediately in a building with a strong foundation. If there is no shelter available, find a low-lying area, such as a ditch, and avoid areas with many trees. Make sure to lay flat and protect your head and neck with an object or with your arms. </li>
</ul>
 
Stay Protected at Work 
<ul>
<li>Go to the lowest level possible and find an interior room or hallway without windows. </li>
<li>Avoid large open spaces such as gyms and auditoriums.  </li>
<li>Do not use the elevator. </li>
<li>Crouch on the floor and protect your head.  </li>
<li>Stay away from windows. </li>
<li>Look for Severe Weather Shelter Areas. </li>
</ul>
 
Prepare An “Emergency Kit”  
After a tornado, you might not have access to water, food, electricity, or other necessities for a period of time. Visit this Settle In Help Center link to view items that should be included in an emergency kit: <a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/10905687945885" target="_self">https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/10905687945885</a>
 
Develop an Emergency Communication Plan 
<ul>
<li>Make a plan in case family members are separated from one another when a tornado hits. Children may be at school and adults at work.  </li>
<li>After an emergency, local phone networks can be overwhelmed by many people calling or texting at the same time. Dialing long distances could be easier. If you have a friend or relative in another state, ask them to serve as the family contact who can relay messages in case of an emergency. Make sure everyone in the family knows their name and contact information. </li>
</ul>
 
What to Do After a Tornado 
After a tornado, it is most important to get to a safe location. If you can, take your emergency kit with you. Check for injuries and hazards, then help others. Once you are safe, follow the emergency communication plan that you have prepared to communicate and reconnect with family members. 
 
Use Your Phone as A Tool 
There are many free weather apps for your phone that can alert you to tornado warnings. The American Red Cross offers a free app called Emergency: Severe Weather App for both <a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/emergency-severe-weather-app/id954783878">Apple</a> and <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.cube.arc.hzd&amp;hl=en_US&amp;gl=US&amp;pli=1">Android</a>. These apps alert users of severe weather, including tornados, and allows them to keep track of tornado watches and warnings for the region they live in.

How to Prepare for a Tornado  

If you are struggling to find housing affordable housing in the U.S., you are not alone. There is an affordable housing crisis in all 50 states now affecting not only refugees and other newcomers, but also United States citizens. In the U.S., affordable housing is defined as not paying more than 25% of your household income after taxes for your housing. However, many people, especially refugees and other newcomers are finding that they are paying as much as 40% or 50% of their post-tax earnings on housing.
 
Various factors contribute to high housing costs. The main factor is that rents are directly related to how many rental units are available in an area versus the number of people searching for housing. If there are more people looking for rentals than the number of rental units available, rents increase. 
 
Certain regions and cities in the United States have higher rents than others. If you plan to relocate from where you first settled, you should understand what to expect to pay for rent and be aware of the cost of living in a specific region. To find the average estimated cost of living (including rental housing) in every state, metro area, city, or county in the U.S., refer to this Living Wage Calculator created by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology: <a href="https://livingwage.mit.edu/" target="_self">https://livingwage.mit.edu/ </a>
 
In 2023, the highest rents in the U.S. are in some big cities and their surrounding towns and suburbs. The area around New York City has the highest rents in the U.S. Across the U.S., Boston, Massachusetts, the Washington D.C. area, Denver, Colorado; Dallas, Texas; Seattle, Washington and Las Vegas, Nevada were among the cities within the top 100 highest average rents in 2023. California had almost 50 cities and towns in the top 100 most expensive cities to rent in 2022. These included Los Angeles, San Francisco, Oakland, Sacramento, and San Diego along with numerous smaller cities. 
 
Rental markets change from year to year and there are always variations within cities, neighborhoods, towns, or counties. In 2023, the Northeast and West had some of the highest average rents in the U.S. Big cities in the South like Atlanta, Georgia; New Orleans, Louisiana; Nashville, Tennessee; Miami, Orlando, Tampa and Ft. Lauderdale (Florida) also have high average rents. With the exception of Chicago, Illinois and Minneapolis, Minnesota, more affordable rents can be found in Midwest cities like Cleveland, Cincinnati, Dayton, and Toledo (Ohio); Fort Wayne, Indianapolis, and South Bend (Indiana); Peoria and Bloomington (Illinois); Green Bay and Milwaukee (Wisconsin); Des Moines, Iowa; and Louisville, Kentucky.
 
It's not easy to find affordable housing, but here are some tips:
<ul>
<li>If possible, always keep your options open at your current living situation until you are sure you have secured a new rental. Paying your rent on time, following the rules written in your lease and keeping a good relationship with your landlord will make it easier for you to renew your lease if you cannot find new housing you can afford. This will also allow you to use your current landlord as a positive reference in new rental applications.</li>
<li>Maintain a good credit score.</li>
<li>Plan and dedicate time to your housing search using all resources, including your resettlement agency case worker, your sponsor, community groups and government agencies that are helping newcomers. Word of mouth is an especially good way to find leads. So, ask work colleagues, neighbors, friends, friend of friends, relatives, resettlement case workers—anyone you know—if they know of available (or soon to be available) rentals. Consistently search reputable websites like <a href="https://www.trulia.com/" target="_self">Trulia</a>, <a style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" href="https://www.zillow.com/" target="_self">Zillow</a>, <a style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" href="https://www.realtor.com/" target="_self">Realtor.com</a>, <a style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" href="https://www.rent.com/" target="_self">Rent.com</a>, <a style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" href="https://www.apartments.com/" target="_self">Apartments.com</a>, <a style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" href="https://hotpads.com/" target="_self">Hotpads</a>, <a style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" href="https://www.airbnb.com/" target="_self">Airbnb</a>, <a style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" href="https://4stay.com/" target="_self">4Stay</a>, <a style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" href="https://www.rentcafe.com/" target="_self">RentCafe</a>.
</li>
<li>Be realistic in your search, calculating the maximum rent you can pay for the minimum number of bedrooms you need, and consider the cost of utilities you would be responsible for (like electricity, heat etc.). Landlords or rental management companies commonly require your monthly income before taxes be three times more than the monthly rent. You can calculate that amount. If your total household monthly income is $5000 before taxes, you would multiply that number by 0.33 which equals $1650. In this case, you should be looking for rentals that cost about $1650 per month.  </li>
<li>The rental market is competitive. If you find a suitable rental, have copies of the following documents ready right away to provide to a landlord or rental management company:</li>
</ul>
- Employer-provided pay verifications for the past two to three months for all working household members 
- Copies of current bank statements (only showing the last four digits of the account)
- If possible, reference letters from previous landlords, employers or if applicable, your resettlement agency
- If applicable, documentation for any government or cash benefits
- If you don’t have a social security number, your I-94 and travelling papers
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service under an agreement paid for by the U.S. Department of State.

Housing Affordability in the U.S. 

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<ul>
<li>Access to your personal information;</li>
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<li>Transfer of your personal information to another party; or</li>
<li>Objection to processing of your personal information based on IRC’s legitimate interest (or those of a third party) to use it and there is something about your particular situation that causes you to object to such processing.</li>
</ul>
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Privacy Policy

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Disclaimer

About Us

Though earthquakes are more common in some states than others, they can happen anywhere in the U.S.  If you live in Alaska, California, Washington, Oregon, Hawaii, eastern Missouri, eastern Arkansas, western Tennessee, western Kentucky, parts of eastern South Carolina and Puerto Rico, you are more likely to experience strong earthquakes. You can view a <a href="https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/2018-long-term-national-seismic-hazard-map" target="_self">map</a> that shows where strong earthquakes are more likely to occur in the U.S. 
 
Follow these tips to prepare and protect your family in the event of an earthquake.
 
Identify Potential Hazards In Your Home
<ul>
<li>Fasten shelves to walls</li>
<li>Large or heavy objects could injure you if they fall. Place them on lower shelves</li>
<li>Store breakable items such as dishes and anything made of glass in low, closed cabinets with latches</li>
<li>Hang heavy items such as pictures and mirrors away from beds, couches, and anywhere people sleep or sit.</li>
<li>Secure overhead light fixtures</li>
<li>Secure hot water heaters by strapping them to the wall and bolting to the floor</li>
<li>Store weed killers, pesticides, and flammable products on bottom shelves in closed cabinets with latches</li>
</ul>
 
Prepare an “Emergency Kit” 
After an earthquake, you might not have access to water, food, electricity, or other necessities for a week or even longer. This is why it is important to prepare and keep accessible an emergency kit. Visit this Settle In Help Center link to view items that would be included in an emergency kit: <a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/10905687945885" target="_self">https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/10905687945885</a>
 
Develop an Emergency Communication Plan
<ul>
<li>Make a plan in case family members are separated from one another in an earthquake (a real possibility during the day when adults are at work and children are at school).</li>
<li>After an emergency, local phone networks can be overwhelmed by many people calling or texting at the same time. Dialing long distance could be easier. If you have a friend or relative in another state, ask them to serve as the “family contact” who can relay messages in case of an emergency. Make sure everyone in the family knows the name and number of the family contact.</li>
</ul>
 
What To Do During an Earthquake
<ul>
<li>If you are indoors, find cover under a table or sturdy piece of furniture and hold on until the shaking stops. If there isn’t a table nearby, move to a corner of the building away from glass and stay on the floor with your arms covering your head. Stay inside until the shaking has stopped and you are sure exiting is safe. Once outside, move away from buildings to an open space. Teach all members of your household these emergency tips.</li>
<li>Keep shoes within easy reach of where you sleep. This will protect your feet from any glass shattered by the shaking.</li>
</ul>
 
What To Do After an Earthquake
After an earthquake, it is most important to get to a safe location. If you can, take your emergency kit with you. Check for injuries and hazards, then help others. Once you are safe, follow the emergency earthquake plan that you have prepared to communicate and reconnect with family members.
 
Use Your Phone As an Earthquake Early Warning Tool
If you live in the states of California, Oregon or Washington, you can now download the <a href="https://myshake.berkeley.edu/" target="_self">MyShake app</a> which may give you time to take cover before the shaking of an earthquake begins in your location. The system uses sensors to detect earthquakes that have already started and issues an alert on your phone, providing a few seconds warning before shaking begins.
 
And currently, in California, earthquake early warning technology is automatically included in millions of Android phones without the need to download an app.  This system uses your phone’s general location, so it is important to enable location services. You can view a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1_9PeG6Icpg" target="_self">video</a> about how Android phones used in California can notify you if an earthquake has been detected.
 
If you receive a shake alert on your phone, you will only have a few seconds to react before the shaking, so immediately take cover as described above and alert everyone around you to do the same.

How to Prepare for An Earthquake 

During emergencies brought on by events like storms or earthquakes, access to electricity, running water, food, transportation, and communication networks may be interrupted for days or even weeks. Putting together an emergency kit and keeping it accessible will help you be prepared should your community ever be affected by any type of emergency. Here are the basic contents of an emergency kit that could be packed into a secure, portable plastic box (or boxes):
<ul>
<li>Flashlight and extra batteries</li>
<li>Three-day supply of nonperishable food, like canned or dried food. (Remember to refresh water and food items every six months)</li>
<li>Three-day supply of water for you and your pets (it is recommended that you should have one gallon of water a day for each person)</li>
<li>If you have an infant, a three-day supply of formula or prepared baby food, diapers, wipes, and other essential supplies that children might need</li>
<li>Solar charger or power pack for phone and/or rechargeable batteries and charger </li>
<li>Portable, battery-operated radio and extra batteries</li>
<li>First aid kit and manual</li>
<li>Essential medicines for family members</li>
<li>Can opener</li>
<li>Cash (small bills are best) and credit cards</li>
<li>Sturdy shoes</li>
<li>Copies of your important personal documents</li>
<li>Whistle</li>
<li>Pocket knife and reusable eating utensils</li>
<li>Matches in a waterproof container</li>
<li>Blankets</li>
<li>Warm Clothes</li>
<li>Plastic sheet or tarp for rain protection</li>
</ul>

Preparing an Emergency Kit 

Once you receive approval of your asylum application or you are admitted to the United States as a refugee, the next step is applying for lawful permanent residence (LPR). You can start this application process right away. Previously, an asylee or refugee had to wait one year following the grant of asylum or admission as a refugee before starting the application process.
 
Regardless of when you apply, the earliest you can receive a Green Card, or become a lawful permanent resident, is after you have been physically present in the US for one full year since the date you were granted asylum or admitted as a refugee. Every person in the family, including children, must submit an application for adjustment of status. Certain conditions can make you ineligible for Lawful Permanent Resident status, such as convictions for certain crimes or making false statements to the US government. For this reason, it is best to consult with an attorney or Department of Justice (DOJ)-accredited legal representative before applying for adjustment to LPR status. 
Finally, if you have refugee status, there is no United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) application fee for the adjustment of status application, however, asylees must either pay an application fee or qualify for a fee waiver from USCIS.
 
To apply for a Green Card, you must file Form I-485 - Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjustment of Status. For information about becoming a lawful permanent resident (Green Card Holder) through asylee or refugee status, please visit: <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/forms/explore-my-options/become-a-lawful-permanent-resident-green-card-holder-through-asylee-status" target="_self">https://www.uscis.gov/forms/explore-my-options/become-a-lawful-permanent-resident-green-card-holder-through-asylee-status</a>.

When and How to Apply for Lawful Permanent Status (Green Card) 

Afghans entering the United States through Mexico may have questions about the asylum process, work authorization, resettlement benefits, and other immigration-related issues.
 
Question: I have heard that there is a new process for people who want to enter the U.S. from Mexico to ask for asylum. What is it?
Answer: Under current U.S. border policy, people who wish to ask for asylum in the U.S. are being directed to use the <a href="https://www.cbp.gov/about/mobile-apps-directory/cbpone" target="_self">CBPOne</a> cell phone app to schedule an appointment to appear at a U.S. port-of-entry. Upon entering, they will be placed into expedited removal proceedings and will need to demonstrate a “credible fear” of harm upon return to their country of nationality in order to be permitted to apply for asylum in the U.S. Recent changes in U.S. border policies will make it more difficult for people who entered the US after May 11, 2023, without going through inspection at a port-of-entry to qualify for asylum if they transited through other countries and did not ask for asylum in those locations before coming to the U.S.
 
Question: Are Afghans processed differently from other nationalities at the U.S.-Mexican Border? 
Answer: Afghans arriving to the U.S. through the southern border with Mexico do not receive any preferred or special treatment but instead will be processed the same as any other non-U.S. citizen seeking to enter the U.S. without a valid visa. 
 
Question: Is the asylum process the same for Afghans who enter the U.S. from Mexico as it was for Afghans who were brought to the U.S. through Operation Allies Welcome (OAW)?
Answer: Like all asylum seekers, Afghans who enter the U.S. through the southern border must apply for asylum within one year of entry. An exception to the one-year filing deadline may be available for someone with Temporary Protected Status (TPS) or parole. Unlike those who were paroled into the U.S. under Operation Allies Welcome (OAW), Afghans who come through the southern border are not entitled to expedited processing of their asylum applications. Currently, the normal processing time for non-OAW asylum applications is several years. 
 
Question: What about Temporary Protected Status? Are Afghans who enter the U.S. from Mexico eligible to apply for Temporary Protected Status?
Answer: Temporary Protected Status (TPS) allows nationals of certain countries experiencing severe disruption due to civil unrest or natural disasters to remain in the U.S. and to apply for work authorization for a temporary period of time. TPS for Afghanistan was designated by the U.S. government in May 2022 for 18 months, and was extended and re-designated in September 2023 for another 18-month period. Under the current designation, Afghans who were continuously resident in the US since Sept. 20, 2023, and who were continuously physically present in the U.S. since Nov. 21, 2023, may apply for TPS. This includes individuals who are in removal proceedings in immigration court. Afghans who entered the U.S. from Mexico and who are in removal proceedings are strongly encouraged to consult with an immigration attorney or DOJ-accredited representative about their legal situation and options before applying for TPS.
 
Question: Are Afghans who enter the U.S. from Mexico allowed to work in the U.S.?
Answer: Afghans who receive parole under Section 212(d)(5) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) may be eligible to apply for Employment Authorization. However, if they only receive a short period of parole, there may be no practical way of receiving work authorization before their parole expires. As a result, many, if not most, individuals who enter through the southern border will only be able to apply for work authorization after they have filed an asylum application and that application has been pending for 150 days, or if they apply for and receive TPS.
 
Question: Can Afghans who enter the U.S. from Mexico receive resettlement assistance? 
Answer: Afghans who receive parole under Section 212(d)(5) of the INA by September 30, 2023, and their spouse and children who receive parole after that date, are eligible for resettlement benefits and services through the Office or Refugee Resettlement through the expiration of their parole or through March 31, 2023, whichever date is later. Once a person’s parole has expired, even if they have applied for asylum, they no longer qualify for benefits. However, if granted asylum, or granted SIV-based permanent residence, they will be eligible for benefits and services. 
 
Question: Can Afghans who enter the U.S. from Mexico bring their family members to join them in the US?
Answer: Only those who have been granted asylum, refugee status, Lawful Permanent Residence or U.S. citizenship, or those who have been granted status as victims of human trafficking (T visa) or victims of crime (U visa), may petition to bring family members to the U.S.
 
Question: Can Afghans who enter the U.S. from Mexico receive free legal help with their immigration case?
Answer: Afghans who have received parole may qualify for free assistance with their legal immigration cases, but due to high demand for immigration legal assistance, there is currently limited availability of low-cost or no-cost legal services for those in immigration proceedings and those seeking asylum. 
Those who need immigration legal advice can contact Welcome Legal Alliance at  <a href="https://welcome.us/legalalliance/resources-for-afghans" target="_self">https://welcome.us/legalalliance/resources-for-afghans</a> or complete the <a href="https://hrfoi.legalserver.org/modules/matter/extern_intake.php?pid=129&amp;h=daa817&amp;f=362&amp;state_uuid=3ed30e54-f0f6-11ed-ba26-02b65df99cf5&amp;d_id=1" target="_self">Human Rights First PALAintake form</a>  or consult a national directory of non-profit legal service providers at <a href="https://www.immi.org/en/Info/get-legal-help" target="_self">https://www.immi.org/en/Info/get-legal-help</a>. <a href="https://www.projectanar.org/asylum-legal-services" target="_self">AILA</a> also has a list of low cost attorneys assisting Afghans.
 It is important to avoid being taken advantage of by immigration scammers or “notarios” so be sure only to accept assistance from a licensed attorney or DOJ-accredited representative.

Afghans Crossing the Mexican Border to the U.S.: Questions and Answers  

Finding affordable housing in the U.S. is not easy, so understanding the basics of renting a home in the U.S. will help you in your search.
 
Types of Rental Housing
These are main types of rental housing you will find in the U.S.:
<ul>
<li>Apartment buildings of many sizes from 6-12 units even up to 100</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Houses that are divided into two or more apartments (sometimes called duplexes, triplexes or multi-family houses)</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Houses</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Mobile homes</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Shared housing in a house or apartment (a room with a shared kitchen, bath and sometimes living space)</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Hotels, including ones with small kitchens and a sitting room</li>
</ul>
Types of housing available for rent will depend on the location. For instance, in big cities, you will mostly find apartments for rent and outside of cities you may find a mix of apartments and houses.
 
Information on Housing Rentals
When you rent, you pay an agreed amount to the owner or manager of the property. Most often you will sign a rental contract called a lease, and usually, rent is paid monthly. A lease guarantees that you can stay in your housing for an agreed amount of time (often one year) and for an agreed rent amount. Other rentals, like hotels are short term (you pay by the day, week or month). Short term rentals can be transitional housing while you are searching for longer term housing and may not offer or require a lease. However, for any rental housing, it is highly recommended to have either a lease or an agreement in writing. Visit this Help Center page for more information on leases: <a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/7565895015069" target="_self">https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/7565895015069</a>
 
Here are some of the different levels of costs for rental housing:
<ul>
<li>Market rate rentals are properties for which the owner can charge any amount – according to how much people are willing to pay – for an apartment or house. Market rate rents vary by location and are usually the most expensive type of rental.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Mixed income housing is in buildings that have some market rate apartments as well as apartments reserved for renters with lower-than-average household income lower for the location. This type of housing is limited and not available in every city or town even though it is desirable because the properties are often near stores, schools, clinics, and public transportation.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Public housing is affordable housing built and supported by federal and local government funding. In public housing, the rent is based on a fixed percentage of household income. There is always a waiting list for public housing, which usually makes it inaccessible to refugees and other newcomers.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Section 8 housing, which is known as the Housing Choice Voucher Program, is also subsidized by U.S. federal government, which pays a rental property owner to keep the housing affordable. This housing is limited to people who apply and qualify for subsidized rent.</li>
</ul>
With this basic information on types of rental housing that may be available in your city or town, you can give your resettlement agency or case worker the following information to help in your search and in completing housing or lease applications:
<ul>
<li>What is my current household income? This is what all family members who are working for pay contribute to each month’s income. This total amount will answer the question, “What rent can I afford?” You should not pay more than 50% of your household’s monthly income after taxes for rent, and 30%-35% is better.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>What is the minimum number of bedrooms I need for the number of people living in the apartment? In the U.S., housing is listed by the number of bedrooms (studio apartments have no bedrooms, only a room that includes a kitchen and living space and can be an affordable option for individuals or couples). You must also understand if there is a limit to how many people are permitted by local laws to live in a certain size space.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>What public transportation is available nearby? Will I need a car?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>In which neighborhood should I search? Will I feel safe and secure in the locations that I am looking?</li>
</ul>
Remember, there is a shortage of affordable housing in the U.S. When looking for rental housing, it is important to be realistic and persistent. Use all the help you can get from a resettlement agency, community group or other newcomers. Do not get discouraged!
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service under an agreement paid for by the U.S. Department of State.

A Basic Guide to Rental Housing in the U.S. 

If someone gets access to your Social Security number or personal information, they could use it to take money from your bank account, commit a crime using your identity, get benefits in your name or steal your tax refund.  Keep reading to learn the warning signs that your identity has been stolen, what the thieves can do with this information, precautions you can take to protect your identity, and what to do if you find out you are a victim of the crime called identity theft.
Here are five common ways you could be affected by identity theft:
 
1.  An identity thief could use your credit card or take money out of your bank account.
<ul>
<li>
Warning signs: You see purchases or withdrawals on your debit card, credit card or bank statement that you didn’t make.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
Precautions: Check your bank and credit card statements often and consider signing up for text or email alerts when there is activity or purchases on your account.</li>
</ul>
 
2.  An identity thief could steal your tax refund or use your Social Security number to work.
<ul>
<li>
Warning signs: You get a notice from the tax authorities (Internal Revenue Service) that there is more than one tax return filed in your name, or a notice in the mail from an employer that you have never worked for.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
Precautions: Do not carry your Social Security card with you unless you need it that day and keep it in a secure place at home. Make sure any electronic communications you have that contain your Social Security number are encrypted. In general, you should only provide your Social Security number to your employer, a government agency, bank, or credit card company.</li>
</ul>
 
3.  An identity thief could use your health insurance to get medical care.
<ul>
<li>
Warning signs: You get medical bills for health care you did not receive.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
Precautions: Keep your medical records, medical bills, and insurance information in a safe place. If you discard medical paperwork or mail that contains personal medical or insurance information, shred it first.</li>
</ul>
 
4.  An identity thief could use your information to file a claim for unemployment benefits.
<ul>
<li>
Warning signs: You get a notice from your state unemployment office or employer about unemployment benefits that you didn’t apply for.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
Precautions: Keep your Social Security number, paycheck stubs and documents you receive from your employer in a safe place. If you discard these documents, shred them.</li>
</ul>
 
5. An identity thief could use your information to get credit or service in your name
<ul>
<li>
Warning signs: When you review your credit report, you find accounts for credit cards, bank loans, cell phone service, utilities (like gas or electricity) that you did not open.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
Precautions:  Review your credit report for free by visiting:  <a href="https://www.annualcreditreport.com/index.action" target="_self">AnnualCreditReport.com</a>. A credit report is a record that companies keep of your history of paying back loans and credit so lenders can decide on whether they will give you a loan. </li>
</ul>
If you suspect that you are the victim of identity theft, immediately visit <a href="https://www.identitytheft.gov/#/" target="_self">IdentityTheft.gov</a>, and take action.

Common Signs of Identity Theft and What To Do If You’re a Victim

What is an Eviction?
An eviction is a legal action a landlord can take to end your lease and insist that you move out of the rental property. An eviction notice may come in the mail, by delivery service or it may be handed to you in person. If you are evicted, it will have a negative effect on future rental applications.
 
Reasons for Eviction and How to Avoid Being Evicted
Nonpayment of rent is the most common cause for eviction. In most states, if you are late with your rent, by law, your landlord must give you written notice that you have a specific number of days to pay the rent you owe or move out of the rental property. If you do neither, the landlord can then file for eviction. In a few states, no written notice from the landlord is required by law to start an eviction process. Whatever state you live in, it is important to pay your rent by the due date written in the lease. It is also important to communicate regularly with your landlord. If your rent is going to be late but you can pay it soon, let your landlord know immediately. A landlord does not have to agree to the payment arrangement, but they may be willing to work with you. However, if you pay your rent late more than one or two times, you are putting yourself at risk of being evicted.
 
It is important that you fully understand the rules written in your lease. If you break the rules or ignore any tenant responsibilities outlined in the lease, you are at risk of eviction. For example, if the lease does not allow pets, do not keep a pet. Or, do not have more people living at the property than the lease permits. If you receive a verbal or written warning from the landlord stating that you have broken any rules in the lease, take immediate action to resolve the issue.
 
You can be evicted if you participate in any illegal activities. If you are unsure of the legality of something you are asked to do — to earn money, for example — ask a resettlement agency staff member.
 
What Should I Do if I Receive an Eviction Notice?
Do not ignore it! Act immediately and take the following actions:
<ul>
<li>Communicate directly with your landlord and find out if there is a way you can avoid being evicted.</li>
<li>If you cannot work out an arrangement with your landlord, immediately seek legal aid. If you have been working with a resettlement agency, they should be able to refer you to local groups that can help you find low-cost or free legal assistance. If you are not connected with a resettlement agency, these resources can help you find low-cost or free legal services:</li>
</ul>
 
-The State Side Legal organization lists <a href="https://www.statesidelegal.org/lso" target="_self">legal services organizations by state</a> where you may find free legal help if you meet the financial requirements. You can also use the <a href="https://statesidelegal.org/stateside-map" target="_self">map </a>to locate organizations near you.
 
-Legal Services Corporation (LSC) is a nonprofit organization established by the U.S. government that provides funds for legal aid to low-income Americans. On the organization’s website, enter your address to <a href="https://www.lsc.gov/about-lsc/what-legal-aid/get-legal-help" target="_self">find an LSC-funded legal aid organization near you</a>.
 
Remember, as a responsible tenant, you also have rights. You cannot be evicted if you pay your rent on time and follow the rules written in the lease. And your landlord cannot evict you for complaining or filing complaints about illegal or unsafe conditions at the rental property. If you feel that you are being evicted without just cause, a lawyer can help you dispute the eviction and may make it possible for you to remain in the rental property until the lease ends.
 
Disclaimer: This article was created in partnership with Refugee Housing Solutions. Refugee Housing Solutions is a project of Church World Service under an agreement paid for by the U.S. Department of State.

What is an Eviction, and How Can I Avoid Being Evicted 

Good medical care depends on good communication. Doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals need to be able to understand a patient’s symptoms and concerns. Patients also need to be able to understand what their medical provider is telling them about their health. If you do not speak fluent English and your doctor is not fluent in your language, you should always ask for an interpreter.  
 
In the United States, the law says no one can be turned away from medical care because they do not speak English. Also, any medical professional or agency that receives money from the federal government (such as Medicaid or Medicare) is required to provide free interpretation to people who need it.  Here are some frequently asked questions about medical care and interpretation.   
 
How do I ask for an interpreter?  
There are several ways you can ask for an interpreter. You can say the phrase, “No English. I speak (your preferred language.)”  If you are at the appointment, you can also show an “I speak” card to the front desk when you seek medical care. These cards can be printed to keep in your wallet or downloaded to your phone and shown to the front desk staff.  You can find a link to download or print an “I speak______” card at the end of each article translation.
 
How do I make sure they have medical interpretation at my medical appointments?  
When you are making a medical appointment, tell the staff member that you need an interpreter and in what language. When you call to make an appointment, start your conversation by saying: “No English. I speak (your preferred language)."  You may have to practice this phrase several times. The medical clinic should get an interpreter on the phone. Once the interpreter is on the phone, be sure to ask that an interpreter be scheduled for your medical appointment.   You can also ask that it be noted in your medical chart that you need an interpreter in your language.   
 
My child is fluent in English. Can they interpret for me?  
Never have your child interpret for you. Even if they know English, it puts a child in a very difficult position and the chance for them to get something wrong is high. Medical providers often speak quickly and use words that are even confusing to adult English speakers. If someone misinterprets even one word, your health could be at risk. Medical professionals should never ask a child to interpret. You should never ask your child to interpret. Always ask for a professional interpreter. 
 
My family member is an adult and can speak English. Can they interpret for me?  
Your family members should not interpret for you. They might not know the correct medical terms in English and interpreting your medical needs might be difficult, stressful, or uncomfortable for them. Medical professionals should never ask family or friends to interpret. Always ask for a professional interpreter. 
 
What should I do if an interpreter is not provided at my appointment or if a medical professional refuses to provide an interpreter? 
You may need to request an interpreter multiple times. If after multiple requests, a medical professional or medical agency is still not providing an interpreter, you have several options: 
<ul>
<li>You can consider asking to speak to a manager and repeat your request.  </li>
<li>You may ask to make a complaint that an interpreter is being denied to you. </li>
<li>You may call a caseworker, if you have one, and ask them to advocate on your behalf.  </li>
</ul>
If an interpreter is still being denied, you may ultimately need to decide whether you want to continue with that appointment. Remember, communication between medical professionals and patients is critical to good health care.      You may also consider: 
<ul>
<li>Making a formal complaint with the agency. All medical agencies are prohibited from retaliating against patients for making a complaint. </li>
<li>Speaking with your caseworker about calling the agency together to advocate for future interpretation. </li>
<li>Filing a formal complaint with the Office of Civil Rights (see here - <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/filing-a-complaint/complaint-process/index.html" target="_self">https://www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/filing-a-complaint/complaint-process/index.html</a>) </li>
</ul>
You can find links to “I Speak” cards by choosing your preferred language in this Help Center article,  download the file to your phone or print it to keep in your wallet.

How to Get Interpretation and Translation at Your Medical Appointments 

If you are observing Ramadan and are employed by a company or organization, here are some helpful tips for you and your employers about working during Ramadan.
<ul>
<li>Determine when Ramadan is, and if this could affect you at work.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Ensure everyone that you work with understands what Ramadan and fasting entail and how it could impact you. Fasting long hours, often 17 hours a day, is not easy, and your colleagues need to know how it could impact your behavior and work practices.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>If shift work is the norm, see if any changes can be made to offer you an opportunity to swap shifts or change your working hours in a way that works for you and your colleagues who are not observing Ramadan.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>If you are working a 9-5 role, consider flexing your start and finish times. See if you can work lunch hours and breaks in return for an earlier finish.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>If you do not feel comfortable sitting and watching people eat and drink, do not feel obliged to accept colleagues’ invitations to work gatherings and parties that are happening during your fasting hours. It is completely okay to say ‘No.’.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Discuss with your employer the option to take a break at sunset to break your fast if you still happen to be on shift. This should give you enough time to break your fast, pray and eat properly later.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Try having your meetings in the morning if they need a high level of concentration. People are usually relatively fresh in the morning.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Lastly, if you are planning on taking time off to celebrate Eid, discuss it with your employer ahead of time.</li>
</ul>

Tips For Observing Ramadan at Work

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease caused by bacteria that spreads from person to person through the air. It usually affects the lungs. When a person with infectious TB coughs or sneezes, they release fluid droplets which have the TB bacteria. If another person inhales the air containing these droplets, they may become infected. TB can cause serious health complications and even death. It is extremely important that anyone with TB disease receive treatment immediately to protect their own health and the health of people in their family and community.  
 
When people get infected with TB bacteria, they can get either TB disease or latent TB infection, also known as LTBI. TB disease is an active TB infection, meaning the disease is active in the body. A person with TB disease will often feel sick and can infect others. LTBI is when someone is carrying the bacteria in their body, but it is not “active”. People with LTBI do not feel sick and cannot infect others. The only way someone with LTBI will know they have LTBI is through a TB blood or skin test.  
 
However, LTBI can change into active TB or TB disease in the future, putting the person’s health and the health of their family members and community at risk. For this reason, people with LTBI should work with their healthcare provider to make sure they get the full treatment.
 
<span class="NormalTextRun SCXW131467730 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"12982c7f-4cca-42bd-a4c1-c79a850a9b1c|6","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",335572020,"1",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>Members of the Afghan community are tested for TB as part of their adjustment of immigration status. For more information about TB, please see this Centers for Disease Control (CDC) material in<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/faqs/pdfs/QA_TB_2021_508-Dari.pdf" target="_self"> Dari</a>,  <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/faqs/pdfs/QA_TB_2021_508-Pashto.pdf" target="_self">Pashto</a> or <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/faqs/pdfs/qa.pdf" target="_self">English</a>.
Ukrainians in the U.S. who have been granted humanitarian parole must be tested for TB within 90 days of arrival. Ukrainians looking for more information can find it on this page, which is available in <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/tb/programs/unitingforukraine.htm" target="_self">English, Ukrainian, and Russian</a>.

What is Tuberculosis (TB) and Latent Tuberculosis (LTBI)? 

When accessing the U.S. healthcare system, it is important to remember that you have both rights and responsibilities. 
 
PATIENT RIGHTS
As a patient, you have these rights when accessing medical care:
 
Consent
In most cases you have the right to agree or disagree with any treatment suggested to you. For example, if your doctor suggests a medication, and you are hesitant to take it due to the listed side effects, it is your right to voice your concerns, and ask if there are alternative medications or methods to treat your issue. You have the final decision in your own healthcare. 
 
Right of Access to Your Medical Information
You have the right of access to your private medical information. No one else can access that information without your permission, including family members or even doctors other than your own. With a few exceptions, your information remains confidential until you give your permission to share it.
 
Right to Interpretation
As a patient you have the right to interpretation in your preferred language at no cost from any health organization that receives federal funding (for example, any health organization that receives Medicaid funding). Be aware, however, that this right can be hard to enforce, and depends on the specific medical setting and even the provider.
 
Right to Respect of Your Healthcare Traditions and to Choose a New Doctor
The U.S. healthcare system is large and contains medical practitioners from all backgrounds. Some may not be familiar with your traditions. If you feel like your doctor is not respectful of who you are, where you come from or your beliefs, you can choose a new doctor who accepts your health insurance.
 
RESPONSIBILITIES
Along with the rights you have as a patient in the U.S. healthcare system, you also have responsibilities:
 
Keeping Appointments and Arriving on Time 
Medical providers are very busy. Being on time ensures that healthcare staff can keep to their schedule and that other patients’ appointments are not impacted. Most providers charge fees if you are late or miss your scheduled appointment. If you know you will not be able to go to your appointment, or if you are running late, call your doctor’s office as soon as possible.
 
Honesty and Openness
Your doctor’s care depends on how honest and open you are with them. The reason doctors ask questions about your health history, especially during first visits, is to be able to establish patterns, write down important information, and then give a diagnosis based on a combination of their expertise and the information you provide. Honesty with your doctor ensures you get the best possible care. 
 
Following Instructions
While you are within your rights to raise concerns with your doctor about their instructions, if you are comfortable with your doctor’s instructions then it is your responsibility to follow them. Not following instructions can result in a longer process to fixing your health issues.

Your Rights and Responsibilities in the U.S. Healthcare System 

There is a housing shortage in the United States. This will make it more challenging to find affordable housing. Affordable housing is generally defined as paying no more than 30% of your monthly income before taxes on rent.
 
Even without a housing shortage, it can be difficult to get approved for an apartment or house rental in the U.S. without credit history, proof of employment, rental history, or references. New arrivals not resettled through the United States Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) will likely need to live with family or a friend when they first arrive until they can secure jobs and start building credit history in the U.S.
 
As you consider housing options, remember these six tips:
 
1. Research and understand your new community in terms of affordability. Use this  calculator to estimate expenses across the United States: <a href="https://livingwage.mit.edu/" target="_self">https://livingwage.mit.edu/</a>.
 
2. Connect with a local resettlement agency. They may have programs available to help new arrivals secure housing if you are eligible. 
 
3. Utilize local government housing resources if eligible. You can find these resources on websites of local municipalities, counties, and public housing authorities. You can find resources on the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Resources Locator by visiting this link: <a href="https://www.hud.gov/states" target="_self">https://www.hud.gov/states</a>
 
Click on a U.S. state and then click “Get Rental Help” to find affordable housing resources.
 
4. Ask a landlord if there are other ways to show that you would be a great tenant. For example, some places may accept an offer letter for a job as a verification of employment or accept a co-signer or guarantor on the lease. A co-signer or guarantor is someone who agrees to pay the rent if you are unable to do so.
 
5. If comfortable doing so, rent a room in a shared apartment or house. This can be more affordable and may not require a credit check. Avoid unverified housing search platforms, such as Facebook Marketplace and Craigslist, and stick to reputable platforms for identifying safe, decent, and affordable housing.
 
6. Always use good judgment and be sure that the living situation is safe and acceptable to you before giving anyone money or committing to be a roommate. Beware of housing scams (such as housing ads that are unusually inexpensive, requiring payments before showing you housing, lease purchase schemes, etc.), and do not give money to anyone unless you are sure that the offer is valid. If you are the victim of a crime committed by a roommate or a landlord dial 911 and report it.

Six Tips to Remember When Looking for Housing in the U.S. 

If you were paroled into the United States and currently remain a parolee or were paroled into the United States and subsequently granted Temporary Protected Status (TPS), your spouse and unmarried children who were under 21 as of August 14, 2021 who were left behind in Afghanistan may be eligible for admission to the United States as refugees. If you were under the age of 18 upon arrival to the United States, arrived after August 14, 2021, and have a parent or legal guardian who is outside the United States, your parent(s)/legal guardian(s) and/or unmarried siblings under the age of 21 may also be eligible for admission to the United States as refugees. 
 
To apply, you must fill out <a href="https://seirmprod.servicenowservices.com/reunification" target="_self">Form DS-4317</a>, which is available for completion and filing on-line. Family members who qualify for relocation to a third country may then be considered for refugee resettlement in the U.S. through the U.S. Refugee Admissions Program. Assistance from the U.S. Government to depart Afghanistan is not a guarantee of admission into the United States. Each individual must pass security vetting before receiving approval to relocate to the United States. To complete this form, parolees should have the following documents available:
<ul>
<li>Employment Authorization Document (EAD)</li>
<li>If the parolee filing Form DS-4317 does not have an EAD, they will need their USCIS# (A-Number or Alien Registration Number) and other documents, such as Form I-94. For more information on locating a Form I-94, see the Customs and Border Protection (CBP) <a href="https://i94.cbp.dhs.gov/I94/#/home" target="_self">Form I-94 webpage</a> for parolees.</li>
</ul>
Parolees should also have the following documents available on behalf of their lawful spouse and unmarried children under 21 who are outside of the United States:
<ul>
<li>Marriage Certificate – for your lawful spouse</li>
<li>Birth Certificate – for your children under the age of 21</li>
<li>Tazkera – for each family member</li>
<li>Passport (if available) – for each family member (note: a valid passport will be required for each family member)</li>
</ul>
 
Note that, generally, only the lawful (first) marriage of a polygamous marriage will be considered valid for immigration purposes unless a divorce/death certificate can be provided as evidence that a marriage has ended, along with a marriage certificate for any subsequent marriages. Polygamy is the religious practice or historical custom of having more than one spouse at the same time. Polygamous marriages are legal under Afghan law, but they are illegal in all states in the United States. U.S. law does not recognize polygamous marriages. If an individual continues a polygamous marriage they were in before they came to the United States or begins a new polygamous marriage in the United States, their immigration application or petition may be denied.
 
IMPORTANT: The family reunification process can be complicated as can the documentary requirements to prove qualifying relationships, so you may want to consult with a qualified legal service provider to help determine if your relatives are eligible to join you in the U.S., and/or to assist you with the process. 
 
IMPORTANT: You should NOT travel to Afghanistan to accompany your family members. You are not required to be in Afghanistan for the U.S. Government to help your family members depart Afghanistan.  The U.S. Government will not help your family members depart more quickly if you are in Afghanistan.
 
For information on family reunification with other immigration statuses, visit these Settle In Help Center links:
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8947470296989" target="_self">U.S. Citizens and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8948885466653" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8950386706077" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents Through Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) Program and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8965923772701" target="_self">Refugees and Asylees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>

Parolees and Afghan Family Reunification 

If you hold refugee status or asylee status, and you included your spouse and children on your application for refugee or asylum status, your spouse and your unmarried children under the age of 21 may be eligible to join you in the United States. If your spouse or unmarried children under 21 are currently in the U.S. with parole or Temporary Protected Status (TPS), and you are admitted as a refugee, you may be able to petition for them to receive refugee status based on their relationship to you. Begin the application process for your family members by filing a <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-730" target="_self">Form I-730 Refugee/Asylee Relative Petition</a>, with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). 
 
If you were admitted to the United States as a refugee more than two years ago or were granted asylum more than two years ago, you will need to request a waiver of the two-year filing deadline in Part 3 of Form I-730 and explain why you could not file before the two years. 
If USCIS approves the petition, the Department of State or USCIS will contact your family members to continue their application for their “follow-to-join” refugee or asylee status. 
 
IMPORTANT: The family reunification process can be complicated as can the documentary requirements to prove qualifying relationships, so you may want to consult with a qualified legal service provider to help determine if your relatives are eligible to join you in the U.S., and/or to assist you with the process. 
 
IMPORTANT: You should NOT travel to Afghanistan to accompany your family members. You are not required to be in Afghanistan for the U.S. Government to help your family members depart Afghanistan.  The U.S. Government will not help your family members depart more quickly if you are in Afghanistan.
 
For information on family reunification with other immigration statuses, visit these Settle In Help Center links:
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8947470296989" target="_self">U.S. Citizens and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8948885466653" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8950386706077" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents Through Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) Program and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8969973840413" target="_self">Parolees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>

Refugees and Asylees and Afghan Family Reunification 

If you were admitted to the U.S. with Special Immigrant status, and you included your spouse or unmarried children under the age of 21 on your original SIV application for Chief of Mission approval but they did not accompany you to the U.S., your family members may be processed for U.S. visas as SIV “follow-to-join” family members. You should contact the National Visa Center (NVC) by emailing NVCSIV@state.gov and request a case transfer to the nearest U.S. Embassy or Consulate that your family members can access to attend their interview. Note that there is currently no visa processing available for individuals in Afghanistan. If the case has already been transferred to a U.S. Embassy or Consulate outside of Afghanistan, please visit and contact that <a href="https://www.usembassy.gov/" target="_self">U.S. Embassy</a> or Consulate. For more information, see the  <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/immigrate/special-immg-visa-afghans-employed-us-gov.html" target="_self">Department of State</a> website.
 
If you did not enter the United States as an SIV holder but later adjusted to Special Immigrant status, and if you married or had a child before you adjusted to Special Immigrant status, your spouse or child outside the U.S. may be added to your SIV case and processed for U.S. visas as SIV “follow-to-join” family members. You will file the <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-824" target="_self">Form I-824 Application for Action on an Approved Application or Petition</a> with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).  If USCIS approves the petition, the NVC will contact you and your family members to begin the immigrant visa application process. 
 
If you married or your child was born after you were admitted to the U.S. as a Special Immigrant, or after you became a lawful permanent resident in the United States, your family members are not eligible for the SIV “follow-to-join” process. Instead, visit Settle In Help Center link: <a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8948885466653" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents and Afghan Family Reunification</a>.
 
IMPORTANT: The family reunification process can be complicated as can the documentary requirements to prove qualifying relationships, so you may want to consult with a qualified legal service provider to help determine if your relatives are eligible to join you in the U.S., and/or to assist you with the process. 
 
IMPORTANT: You should NOT travel to Afghanistan to accompany your family members. You are not required to be in Afghanistan for the U.S. Government to help your family members depart Afghanistan.  The U.S. Government will not help your family members depart more quickly if you are in Afghanistan. 
 
For information on family reunification with other immigration statuses, visit these Settle In Help Center links:
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8947470296989" target="_self">U.S. Citizens and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8948885466653" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8965923772701" target="_self">Refugees and Asylees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8969973840413" target="_self">Parolees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>

Lawful Permanent Residency Through Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) Program and Afghan Family Reunification 

If you are a lawful permanent resident who did not obtain your status on the basis of an approved Special Immigrant Visa petition (SIV), your spouse and your unmarried children under the age of 21, and unmarried adult sons and daughters may be eligible to immigrate from Afghanistan to the United States.
 
The process is started by filing <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-130" target="_self">Form I-130 Petition for Alien Relative</a> with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). If USCIS approves the petition, the National Visa Center (NVC) will contact your family members to apply for their immigrant visas. The NVC will also request additional documentation from you to demonstrate your relatives’ eligibility for an immigrant visa, including <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-864" target="_self">Form I-864 Affidavit of Support </a>to show you are able to financially support them after they arrive in the U.S. 
 
NOTE: If you became a lawful permanent resident through the Afghan Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) program, your family members may have additional immigration options. Visit this Settle In Help Center link for more information about petitioning family members if you have become a lawful permanent resident through the Afghan Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) program: 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8950386706077" target="_self">https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8950386706077</a>
 
IMPORTANT: The family reunification process can be complicated as can the documentary requirements to prove qualifying relationships, so you may want to consult with a qualified legal service provider to help determine if your relatives are eligible to join you in the U.S., and/or to assist you with the process. 
 
IMPORTANT: You should NOT travel to Afghanistan to accompany your family members. You are not required to be in Afghanistan for the U.S. Government to help your family members depart Afghanistan.  The U.S. Government will not help your family members depart more quickly if you are in Afghanistan.
 
For information on family reunification with other immigration statuses, visit these Settle In Help Center links:
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8947470296989" target="_self">U.S. Citizens and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8950386706077" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents Through Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) Program and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8965923772701" target="_self">Refugees and Asylees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8969973840413" target="_self">Parolees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>

Lawful Permanent Residents and Afghan Family Reunification 

If you are a U.S. citizen, your spouse, unmarried children under 21, and parents may be eligible to immigrate from Afghanistan to the United States immediately. U.S. citizens may also petition for their siblings and married and unmarried adult children over 21, but these immigrant categories are subject to annual quotas, so visas may not be available for several years. Start the process by filing  <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-130" target="_self">Form I-130 Petition for Alien Relative</a> with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). If USCIS approves the petition, the National Visa Center (NVC) will contact your family members to apply for their immigrant visas. The NVC will also request additional documentation from you to demonstrate your relatives’ eligibility for an immigrant visa, including <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-864" target="_self">Form I-864 Affidavit of Support </a> to show you are able to financially support them after they arrive in the U.S.
 
IMPORTANT: The family reunification process can be complicated as can the documentary requirements to prove qualifying relationships, so you may want to consult with a qualified legal service provider to help determine if your relatives are eligible to join you in the U.S., and/or to assist you with the process. 
 
IMPORTANT: You should NOT travel to Afghanistan to accompany your family members. You are not required to be in Afghanistan for the U.S. Government to help your family members depart Afghanistan.  The U.S. Government will not help your family members depart more quickly if you are in Afghanistan.
 
For information on family reunification with other immigration statuses, visit these Settle In Help Center links: <a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8948885466653" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8950386706077" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents Through Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) Program and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8965923772701" target="_self">Refugees and Asylees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8969973840413" target="_self">Parolees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>

U.S. Citizens and Afghan Family Reunification  

If you are an Afghan in the U.S. with family in Afghanistan, you can petition for family reunification. The application process varies, depending on your immigration status. In all cases, family members in Afghanistan will only be able to enter the United States if the petition is approved by U.S. immigration officials. Visit the Settle In Help Center links below for information on the process and to understand which of your family members in Afghanistan may be eligible to apply based on your immigration status.
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8947470296989" target="_self">U.S. Citizens and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8948885466653" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8950386706077" target="_self">Lawful Permanent Residents Through Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) Program and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8965923772701" target="_self">Refugees and Asylees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>
 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/hc/en-us/articles/8969973840413" target="_self">Parolees and Afghan Family Reunification</a>

Family Reunification Information for Afghans Depending on Immigration Status

Introduction 
Afghans paroled into the U.S. following the fall of the Afghan government in July 2021 have faced much uncertainty about their ability to remain permanently and rebuild their lives in the U.S. Much has been said about a possible “Afghan Adjustment Act” (AAA) that many hoped would provide a clear pathway to Lawful Permanent Resident status (a “green card”) for Afghan evacuees. Unfortunately, there has been a lot of misleading or incorrect information circulating, leading to fear and alarm among many in the Afghan community. This FAQ is intended to clear up some of the confusion surrounding the Afghan Adjustment Act so that Afghans will better understand their current immigration options.
 
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<div class="textLayer">What happened to the proposed Afghan Adjustment Act?</div>
On December 22nd, 2022, the U.S. Senate passed the Fiscal Year 2023 Budget Omnibus Bill. Advocates were hoping that the bill would include the AAA so that Afghan parolees would be able to obtain Lawful Permanent Resident (LPR) status (a green card) before their humanitarian parole expires later in 2023. Unfortunately, the AAA was not included in the budget bill and was not signed into law. 
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What does it mean that the AAA was not signed into law? 
The failure of Congress to pass the AAA does not change the existing options for Afghan parolees. Currently, Afghan parolees can only obtain LPR status if they qualify as Special Immigrants or SIVs (based on their work for or on behalf of the U.S. mission in Afghanistan) or if they have an eligible LPR or US citizen family member who can petition for them. 
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What if I can’t apply for LPR status as a Special Immigrant (SIV) or through a family member?
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Afghan parolees who cannot apply for SIV or family based LPR status before their parole period expires must apply for asylum, Temporary Protected Status (TPS) or another form of relief to avoid becoming unlawfully present and losing their work authorization. Legal advocates are also seeking guidance about another option, re-parole, but it is unclear at this time whether re-parole will be available for Afghans. 
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What is asylum? 
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Asylum is a form of protection available to those at risk of serious harm in their home country who have come to the U.S. in search of safety. People granted asylum are authorized to work and may apply for LPR status immediately after their asylum application has been approved. However, the USCIS will adjudicate their green card application once they have been physically present in the United States for one year after the approval of their asylum application.   To learn more about asylum watch this video on the Settle In Facebook page:  <a href="https://www.facebook.com/SettleInUS/videos/1126598388267480" target="_self">https://www.facebook.com/SettleInUS/videos/1126598388267480</a>
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What is TPS?
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Temporary Protected Status (TPS) is a temporary status for individuals from certain designated countries who are already in the United States which allows them to remain and work in the U.S. for up to 18 months. To be eligible for TPS, an Afghan national must have been present in the US as of March 15, 2022. TPS for Afghanistan is authorized through November 23, 2023, and eligible Afghans may apply at any time up to that date. TPS does not provide a pathway to LPR status. To learn more about TPS, watch this video on Settle In Facebook page: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/SettleInUS/videos/733552004594448" target="_self">https://www.facebook.com/SettleInUS/videos/733552004594448</a> 
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<div class="textLayer">What if I don’t apply for TPS or asylum before my parole expires? Will I be deported back to Afghanistan?</div>
If your parole expires before you have applied for or obtained another legal status, you will be considered “unlawfully present” in the U.S. and your work authorization will also expire. Being unlawfully present in the U.S. for any amount of time may affect your eligibility for other forms of immigration relief that may be available in the future, and may result in detention or deportation. However, it is very important to understand that Afghan Operation Allies Welcome(OAW) parolees whose parole expires and who have not broken any laws are not likely to be detained or deported at this time. 
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<div class="textLayer">If I don’t want to become “unlawfully present” and want to keep my work authorization, when do I need to apply for TPS, asylum or another form of relief?</div>
<ul>
<li class="textLayer">Because of the long U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) application processing delays, it is best to apply for asylum or TPS as soon as possible but there is no guarantee that your case will be decided before your parole expires. However, the law is very complicated so Afghan parolees who wish to apply for TPS or asylum are strongly advised not to file an application before consulting with a legal representative to be sure they are eligible. </li>
<li class="textLayer">TPS: An application for TPS must be filed no later than November 20, 2023. It is possible to apply for employment authorization together with your TPS application. </li>
<li class="textLayer">Asylum: If you are applying for asylum, you should submit your application 6 months before your parole expires to avoid a break in your employment authorization, and no more than 6 months after your parole expires unless you have TPS. An asylum applicant who does not have TPS can only apply for employment authorization 150 days after filing their asylum application. </li>
</ul>
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<div class="textLayer">Can I apply for both TPS and asylum?</div>
Yes, it is possible to apply for both TPS and asylum. Applying for one will not affect an application for the other. It is also possible to apply for asylum after getting TPS, or to apply for TPS after you have applied for asylum and are waiting for a decision on your application. If you have been granted asylum, you do not need to apply for TPS. 
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<div class="textLayer">Where can I find legal assistance with my asylum or TPS application?</div>
<ul>
<li class="textLayer">If you are working with a Resettlement Agency, they may have attorneys or Department of Justice accredited representatives who may be able to provide legal assistance or refer you to a qualified legal service provider. Please remember that only qualified immigration lawyers or DOJ accredited representatives can advise you on your immigration legal options. </li>
<li class="textLayer">You can also find a national directory of immigration legal service providers here: <a href="https://www.immigrationadvocates.org/nonprofit/legaldirectory/" target="_self">https://www.immigrationadvocates.org/nonprofit/legaldirectory/</a></li>
<li class="textLayer">Or request a referral to an immigration attorney here: <a href="https://www.ailalawyer.com/" target="_self">https://www.ailalawyer.com/</a></li>
</ul>
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Immigration Options for Afghan Parolees Without an Afghan Adjustment Act (AAA)

What is a Prescription?
If your doctor recommends that you take medication, the type and amount of medicine will be written on a piece of paper. This is called a prescription. To get your medication, you will go a pharmacy and give the pharmacist your prescription. Sometimes the doctor may ask which pharmacy you use, then call in the prescription or send it electronically.
 
Where are Pharmacies Located?
In towns and cities in the U.S., you will find many pharmacies to fill your prescription. Some are small local stores, while others are big chain stores with names like CVS, Walgreens or Rite Aid. Pharmacies can also be found inside some supermarkets.
 
What Information Will Pharmacies Ask For?
The pharmacist will ask the date of birth of the person that the medicine is for, your address and phone number. Your medication may be discounted or even free if you, or the person the medicine is for, have health insurance (you will have to show your insurance card to the pharmacist). You must pay the amount that your insurance does not pay for when you pick up the medicine. You may be asked to sign your name on a screen verifying that you picked up the medication. If you don’t know how to write your full name, you can make a mark on the pad.
 
It is important that the pharmacy has your working phone number. Sometimes they need to phone you with a question or tell you when your medication is ready for pick up if more time is needed to prepare your prescription.
 
Refilling Your Medicine
When taking the medication, be sure you follow the directions that will be written on the packaging. Depending on how much medication the doctor prescribes and how long you need to take it, some prescriptions allow refills (meaning you can get more of the same medicine). If you refill your prescription, you will have to go back to a pharmacy. 
 
Tips For Overcoming Common Challenges
 
I don’t know how to take the medicine because the label is only in English.
A limited number of pharmacies have access to interpreters by phone if you ask them, but this is rare. If you have any questions about your medication or how to take it and have access to an interpreter, write down what they say in your preferred language. 
 
The pharmacy tells you that you must pay full price for the medicine, and it is too expensive.
First make sure that the pharmacy has your correct health insurance information. If they do, but say that your health insurance will not cover the cost, you should call the health insurance company to ask why they are not paying for the medicine. There are two common reasons why health insurances will not pay:
 
<ol>
<li data-leveltext="%1." data-font="Calibri" data-listid="5" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Your doctor prescribed a BRAND NAME medication. Brand name medications are made by one company and are usually more expensive. GENERIC medications are made by many companies. The ingredients, safety, and quality of generic medications are nearly the same as brand name medication, but they cost less. Doctors may write the brand name on your prescription that your insurance does not want to pay for. You can call your doctor and ask them to change the prescription to the generic version of the same medicine.  </li>
<li data-leveltext="%1." data-font="Calibri" data-listid="5" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">The medicine is very expensive, and the health insurance wants your doctor to prove to them that you must have this medicine. In this case you would need to ask your doctor to call the insurance company and send them proof about your health that requires you to have this medicine. This is called “prior authorization.” </li>
</ol>
 
The pharmacy says you have no more refills left, but it is a medicine that you must continue taking.
Sometimes the pharmacy can call your doctor to ask them to send a note saying you need a refill. Or, you may have to schedule another appointment with your doctor where they check on your health and then write you another prescription for the same medication.

How to Pick Up a Prescription 

A credit card is a financial tool that allows you borrow a small amount of money and pay the loan quickly. It also helps you build good credit history that banks will consider if you apply for other loans in the future. If you pay your credit card balance within a month, there is no fee. If you don’t pay your full credit card balance, you will have to pay interest on the amount you did not repay. The interest charge on balances not paid after a month is very high and can add to what you owe very quickly. If you don’t pay the required minimum amount on the due date there will be also be a penalty fee. Therefore, a credit card should only be used to pay for goods and services that can be paid back within a month. Though they look similar, a credit card is different from a debit card. A debit card immediately withdraws money out of your bank account when you pay for something.
 
How Can I Get a Credit Card?
When issuing credit cards, banks look carefully at applications. They want to make sure the money they lend through the card will be paid back. The bank will ask another company called a credit bureau to look at the applicant’s borrowing history to see if they currently owe money on other loans and if they have a history of paying back loans and bills on time. Using this information, the credit bureau will calculate a credit score for the individual. The bank will only issue a credit card if an applicant’s credit score meets their standards. A credit score will be linked to a social security number and most credit card companies will ask for a social security number in the application. So, if your goal is to build a credit history, it is especially important to have—or apply for—a social security number when you apply for a credit card.
 
What if I Don’t Have Any Credit History?
There is a way to get a credit card if you don’t have a credit history or credit score. If you put down a cash deposit, some banks will issue you a “starter” credit card. You cannot spend more with the card than your deposit, but if you pay your bill on time each month, you may be upgraded later to a standard card that does not require a deposit. You will also be building a credit history by paying the amount on your credit card each month.

Understanding Credit Cards 

If you have been paroled into the United States, you are required to notify U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) of any address change within 10 days each time you move, even if you are moving to a temporary location. Updating your physical address is mandatory and is a condition of your parole.  Most individuals can change their address online in two ways: 
 
1-If you already have a USCIS Online account
 
Log into your <a href="https://myaccount.uscis.gov/" target="_self">USCIS online account</a> and update your old address with your new address. 
 
2-If you don’t have a USCIS Online account
 
If you don’t have an account, you can file Form AR-11, Alien’s Change of Address Card by visiting <a href="https://egov.uscis.gov/coa/displayCOAForm.do" target="_self">this page online</a>
 
OPTION 1 - If you have filed an immigration-related application or petition with USCIS and have not yet received a decision notice, card, or document, click the YES box. Filing Form AR-11 online will update your address on all pending applications, petitions, or requests that you include on the form. 
 
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="8" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">From the pulldown menu select the application, petition, or request form number, form sub type, the receipt number you received when you filled out the form and the zip code you used WHEN YOU FILED THE FORM. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="9" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Fill out your name and date of birth. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="10" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">Fill in your old address and your new address. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="11" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">If you are living at someone else’s home, write the name of the person you are living with in the C/O box. If the mailing address is the same as the new address you already entered, check “Mailing address same as new address above” and hit CONFIRM. If it is temporary, check “Enter Mailing Address When Different From New Address,” put in the temporary address and hit CONFIRM. Note: If you checked “Enter Mailing Address When Different From New Address,” be sure to fill out a change of address again if/when you are able to receive mail at your new address. When filing this new change of address form, don’t put a name in C/O and check “Mailing address same as new address above.” </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="12" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Enter your email address </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="13" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Fill in the name of the person who completed the form.  </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="14" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Type in the letters you see in the security check. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="15" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">Check the box that says: “By accepting this electronic signature, the applicant or petitioner, parent or guardian, or legal representative certifies under penalty of perjury that all information provided is true and correct.” </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="16" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Hit the SUBMIT BUTTON </li>
</ul>
 
OPTION 2- If you have not filed any immigration-related application, petition or request forms with USCIS, click the NO button. Follow the same directions above, but you will not be asked about file case information. 
 
IMPORTANT: Changing your address with the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) will not change your address with USCIS. To receive important correspondence in the US Mail, you also need to change your address with the U.S. Postal Service. You can do this online at: <a href="https://moversguide.usps.com/mgo/disclaimer?referral=UMOVE" target="_self">https://moversguide.usps.com/mgo/disclaimer?referral=UMOVE</a>

How to Notify Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) of Change of Address  

Ukrainian nationals in the U.S. should be advised that travel outside of the U.S. for any reason may have serious impact on their ability to return to the U.S. and/or to obtain permanent status such as asylum in the U.S. Below are some important things to consider before travelling outside of the U.S. If you have any questions or concerns about traveling, you should talk to an authorized immigration legal representative or attorney prior to departing the U.S.
 
Parole and Travel
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">If you received parole under United for Ukraine (U4U) and you depart the U.S. without travel permission, you will lose parole status, and you will not be able to re-enter the U.S.</li>
</ul>
Temporary Protected Status (TPS) &amp; Travel
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="2" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">
If you have TPS you may be able to apply for a TPS travel permit allowing you to travel outside the U.S.  However, if you use a TPS travel permit to return to Ukraine, or if you use your Ukrainian passport to travel to any country, you will likely be disqualified from asylum. 
</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="2" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">If you have TPS and leave the U.S. without first getting a TPS travel permit, you may lose TPS and you may not be able to re-enter the U.S.</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="2" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="4" data-aria-level="1">If you have a pending TPS application and leave the U.S. without first getting advance parole, USCIS may deny your application for TPS, and you may not be able to re-enter the U.S. Also, if you depart the U.S. while your request for TPS is still pending, you may miss important notices or requests for additional evidence, which may result in denial of TPS.</li>
</ul>
Asylum and Travel
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="3" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">
To qualify for asylum, you must show that you cannot return to Ukrainian for fear of harm or persecution because of your race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion. By traveling back to Ukraine, even if it is just for a short visit, you are showing that you do not fear persecution there.
</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="4" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">
Even if your asylum application has been approved, or you have adjusted your status from asylum to permanent residence (Green Card), and you return to Ukraine before you become a U.S. citizen, your asylum and green card could be revoked. This is because, by returning to Ukraine, even if it is just for a short visit, you are demonstrating that either you did not really fear returning when you applied for asylum, or that you no longer fear returning.
</li>
</ul>
Other Considerations
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="4" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">
If at any time before becoming a U.S. citizen, you have been arrested or convicted of a crime in the U.S. check with an immigration attorney or legal representative before you travel.  Certain criminal conduct will prevent you from re-entry into the U.S. 
</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="4" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Long absences from the U.S. may impact your ability to get or keep permanent resident status or get U.S. citizenship.</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="4" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">We encourage you to read and understand the travel warnings in the instructions for USCIS <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-131">Form I-131</a>, Application for Travel Document, before you apply for a travel document. You are encouraged to seek legal advice before you travel, even if your travel document is approved.</li>
</ul>

Travel Considerations for Ukrainians in the United States 

Effective November 21, 2022, Afghans paroled under Operation Allies Welcome (OAW) and certain Afghans paroled under Operation Enduring Welcome (OEW) are eligible to work in the United States immediately while they wait for their employment authorization document (EAD). 
 
This policy update applies to Afghan parolees whose unexpired Form I-94, Arrival/Departure Record, contains a class of admission of “OAR,” if their parole has not been terminated. If you are an Afghan parolee covered under section 2502(b), P.L. No. 117-43 who did not receive an “OAR” class of admission on your I-94, please contact CBP at <a href="mailto:oawi94adjustments@cbp.dhs.gov">oawi94adjustments@cbp.dhs.gov</a> to update your class of admission, if appropriate.
 
While you can work immediately, to continue to work legally, you need to submit Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization with United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). If your application is approved, you will be issued an Employment Authorization Document (EAD). If you already have an EAD, you do not need to do anything. 
 
How to Apply for an EAD 
To apply for employment authorization, you can submit Form I-765 either by mail or online through the USCIS website. To file online visit <a href="https://my.uscis.gov/">my.uscis.gov</a>, create a USCIS online account and submit Form I-765. There is no cost to create an account, which offers a variety of features, including the ability to communicate with USCIS about your application through a secure inbox.  Effective November 21, 2022, there is no fee to submit an INITIAL Form I-765 by mail and effective December 5, 2022, there is no fee to submit the form online. 
 
Filing Online:
To obtain the fee exemption when filing Form I-765 online for an initial or replacement EAD:
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="5" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">In the basis of eligibility section, provide your “eligibility category”</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="5" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">For the category under which you are applying, select “c(11) Afghanistan Parolee” from the drop-down</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="5" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Select your reason for applying as either “Initial permission to accept employment” or “Replacement of lost, stolen, or damaged employment authorization document or correction of my employment authorization document NOT DUE to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services error”, as appropriate</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="5" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Review and submit your application to receive $0 fee.</li>
</ul>
 
Filing By Mail:
Mail your paper Form I-765 to the address provided on our <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/uscis-lockbox-filing-locations-chart-for-certain-family-based-forms">USCIS Lockbox Filing Locations Chart for Certain Family-Based Forms</a>  page for the filing address based on where you live. Below are some tips for completing Form I-765:
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="7" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">
In Part 1, Reason for Applying, select “1.a., Initial permission to accept employment” or “1.b. Replacement of lost, stolen or damaged…”
</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="7" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">In Part 2, list your country of birth as “Afghanistan.” (Questions 19.c.) and/or your country of citizenship as “Afghanistan” (Questions 18.a. and 18.b.)</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="7" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">
In Part 2, Question 27, Information About Your Eligibility Category, write in “(c)(11).” This is the category number for parolees. For more information, see the <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-765">Form I-765</a>  webpage.
</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="7" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">
Locate a copy of your Form I-94, passport, or other travel document showing you were paroled into the United States for urgent humanitarian reasons or reasons of significant public benefit under INA 212(d)(5). For more information on obtaining a Form I-94, see the CBP  <a href="https://i94.cbp.dhs.gov/I94/#/home">Form I-94 webpage</a>.
</li>
</ul>
-If you do not have a passport, you can use your A-Number to retrieve your Form I-94 online at the site above by choosing “Get Most Recent I-94.” Enter your A-Number in the Passport Number field and enter “USA” in the Passport Country of Issuance field.
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="9" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">
Be sure to complete all sections of the form. We will reject the form if any of these fields are missing:
<ul>
<li>Part 1 - Reason for Applying</li>
<li>Part 2 - Family Name</li>
<li>Part 2 - Date of Birth</li>
<li>Part 2 - Address</li>
<li>Part 2 - Eligibility Category</li>
<li>Part 3 - Signature</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Submit Form I-765 with a copy of the Form I-94, passport, or other travel document described above.</li>
</ul>
Information on Applying for Jobs Before You Receive Your EAD
When you apply for a job, you will be required by the employer to fill out form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification. Form I-9 includes a list of documents a prospective employee can provide to verify they are eligible to work. Under the new rules, your unexpired Form I-94, Arrival/Departure Record can be substituted for an EAD as a List A document for 90 days from the date of hire.  Individuals who received their Form I-94 at the time of their parole into the United States should visit the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) <a href="https://i94.cbp.dhs.gov/I94/#/home">Form I-94 website</a> to view and print a copy of their Form I-94.
After 90 days from date of hire, parolees must present an unexpired Form I-765, Employment Authorization Document (EAD), or unrestricted Social Security card and acceptable List B identity document from the Form I-9 Lists of Acceptable Documents (such as a state-issued driver’s license or identification card). USCIS will provide additional guidance to employers about completion of the Form I-9.
Note that a Social Security card that contains no employment restrictions is not available to parolees and individuals who are not admitted to the United States on a permanent basis. See the Social Security Administration’s <a href="https://www.ssa.gov/ssnumber/cards.htm">Types of Social Security Cards</a> webpage.
If a potential employer insists they need your EAD or isn’t aware of this new change, parolees can share this link to the USCIS website that explains the change:  <a href="https://www.e-verify.gov/about-e-verify/whats-new/certain-afghan-and-ukrainian-parolees-are-employment-authorized-incident">https://www.e-verify.gov/about-e-verify/whats-new/certain-afghan-and-ukrainian-parolees-are-employment-authorized-incident</a>.  
If they still do not accept the substitute document, call the Immigrant and Employee Rights Section's (IER) <a href="https://www.justice.gov/crt/immigrant-and-employee-rights-section">https://www.justice.gov/crt/immigrant-and-employee-rights-section</a> toll-free Worker Hotline at 1-800-255-7688 [Voice] or 1-800-237-2515 [TTY]. IER helps workers by calling employers and explaining proper verification practices. Interpretation is available on the hotline upon request.  
 
For more information, visit:  <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/information-for-afghan-nationals">https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/information-for-afghan-nationals</a>

Employment Authorization for Afghan Parolees    

A Social Security number is a unique nine-digit number issued by the U.S. government and primarily used to track income taxes owed by individuals. All citizens, green card holders and non-citizens who work in the U.S. are required to have a Social Security number. You will need this number when applying for a job, and a Social Security number is also important if you want to build a credit history to apply for loans, credit cards and rental housing.
 
If you are a humanitarian parolee or have received Temporary Protected Status and are applying for employment authorization using <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-765">Form I-765</a>, be sure apply for a Social Security number by filling out Part 2 of the form (Items 13a-17.b).  If United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) approves your application, you will receive two documents:  Your Employment Authorization Document (EAD), also known as the “USCIS I-766 card” or “work permit," and in another envelope your Social Security card (the card will have your name and Social Security number on it).  You should receive your card with your number no later than seven business days after you receive your EAD from USCIS.
 
If you are applying for Permanent Resident Status using <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/i-485">Form I-485</a>, as of August 9, 2021, in most cases USCIS will now electronically transmit the data to the Social Security Administration after approving Form I-485. Upon receiving the data, the Social Security Administration will automatically assign an original Social Security number or issue a replacement card, as appropriate. This partnership with the Social Security Administration does not increase the filing fee for Form I-485.
 
It is important that you protect your Social Security number. If criminals access it, they could use it to illegally apply for benefits or loans in your name or commit other crimes. Only carry your Social Security card with you if you need it on that day. Otherwise keep it at home in a secure place. You should keep any documents that contain your Social Security number in a secure location and safeguard and encrypt any electronic documents that contain your number. Though anyone can ask for your Social Security number, in general, you should only provide it to your employer, a government agency or to a bank if you are applying for a loan, a checking or savings account, or a debit or credit card.

What is a Social Security Number (SSN) and How Do I Get One So I Can Work in the U.S.? 

<span class="EOP SCXW28426083 BCX0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_EmbeddedFont, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif;" data-ccp-props="{}">In 2022, local fire departments responded to about 1.5 million fires in the U.S. Following these fire safety and prevention guidelines in your home may save your family’s life. 
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Make sure smoke alarms are installed on every level of your home including the basement. Local and state laws stating where you must install smoke alarms vary, but almost all require smoke alarms in hallways outside of sleeping areas, and on the ceiling at the base of each stairway leading to a floor. Some local laws also require a smoke alarm in every sleeping area. If you are renting, your landlord must install smoke alarms that comply with local fire laws. If you have questions about smoke alarm laws in the state or city you live, message us.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Test your smoke alarms every month and install new batteries if needed. If you are renting and you find that your smoke alarms are not functioning, contact your landlord immediately.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">Sit down with your family and work out an escape plan in case of a fire. Be sure that everyone knows at least two unobstructed exits (including windows) from every room. Decide on a meeting place outside. Have your entire household practice your escape plan twice a year.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Keep your oven and stove clean and always keep alert when cooking. Cooking accidents are the leading cause of house fires in the U.S.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Invest in a fire extinguisher and keep it close to where you cook, but away from a place where children can access it.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Be extremely careful when smoking and keep a close eye on smokers. Not being careful when smoking is the leading cause of fire deaths in North America.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Keep portable heaters and space heaters at least three feet away from anything flammable. Turn them off before you go to bed or when you are not in the room. Heaters are the second leading cause of home fires in the U.S.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">Be extremely careful with candles and incense and never leave them burning unattended.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">If an electric appliance smokes or has an unusual smell, unplug it immediately, then have it serviced before using it again or discard it. Don’t use an appliance with a cracked or frayed power cord. Plug only one electrical cord into each receptacle. Avoid running any cords under rugs.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">If you have a clothes dryer, keep the exhaust pipe clean of lint, which can catch on fire.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Store flammable products safely away from heat or open flames.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Keep lighters and matches away from children.</li>
</ul>

Fire Prevention and Safety Tips 

Did you know that your new community has public libraries with many free resources you can access? Here is a list of some useful resources your local library will provide:
<ol>
<li> Free books: Libraries have large collections of different books, often in multiple languages that you can borrow.   </li>
</ol>
<ol start="2">
<li>Area to study: There are desks and quiet places available for everyone to use.   </li>
</ol>
<ol start="3">
<li>Internet: Libraries have Wi-Fi and computers with internet available for everyone to use for free.   </li>
</ol>
<ol start="4">
<li>DVDs, CDs, audiobooks and online media: Libraries have other resources beside books that can be borrowed for free.</li>
</ol>
<ol start="5">
<li>Classes and lectures: Many libraries offer free classes for all ages, including English classes, painting, and meeting authors.   </li>
</ol>
<ol start="6">
<li>Librarians can help you find other educational resources you need.   </li>
</ol>
<ol start="7">
<li>Socialization: You can reserve space for educational events to meet your community members.</li>
</ol>

Public Libraries as a Resource for Adults and Children

Enrolling your children in school right away will greatly help them stay on schedule with their education. Plus, timely enrollment in school is required by U.S. law. Though state laws vary, enrolling children in school within 30 days of arrival to a new community is considered timely enrollment.
Here are some benefits you, your children, and your family can enjoy when you enroll your kids in school as soon as possible:
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="3" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Public education supports child learning, development, and well-being.</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="3" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Minimizing gaps in schooling increases children’s chances for academic success and keeps them safely supervised during the day.</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="3" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">School systems often provide services you may need, including free lunch and access to social services.</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="3" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">If children are enrolled in school while they live in temporary housing, they can choose to stay or switch schools once you find permanent housing, and transportation will be provided to them.</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="3" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">You will have more time during the day to find employment, get to know your community, and access services.</li>
</ul>

The Benefits of Enrolling Your Child in School 

A lease is a legal agreement between you and the owner of the apartment or house that you rent. Before you sign, it is important to clearly understand what is written in your lease, which will define your rights and responsibilities as well as the owner’s responsibilities during the time that you occupy the property. In the language of the lease, you are called the “tenant” and the person renting the property is called the “landlord.”
 
Lease Length
The lease will specify how long you can live in the apartment. Commonly, the length of a lease is one year. Your lease will specify the move-in date and the move-out date. On a one-year lease, you are required to pay rent for 12 months. 
 
A lease will specify what amount of advance notice you must give the landlord if you intend to move or ask for a renewal. This is typically 30-90 days before the lease ends. If you move out sooner than the end date, you likely will have to pay a penalty, or possibly even pay for all the remaining months on the lease.
 
If you choose to renew your lease, your rent most likely will be raised for the time period covered by the new lease. The new amount will be determined by your landlord, or in very specific cases by local laws that may limit the amount your landlord can raise the rent.
 
Rent
The lease will specify the amount of rent for the term of the lease, the date it must be paid each month, and the amount of any late fees you will owe if the rent is not paid by a specified day in the month. 
 
Security Deposit and First and Last Rent
A security deposit is money held in a bank by your landlord and returned when you move out if the property is left clean and with no damage. The lease will specify the amount of the required security deposit, which is often the amount of one month’s rent, sometimes more. When your lease ends and you move out, the landlord will determine whether any damage has been done during the time that you lived in the property and whether some or all your security deposit will be returned. It is recommended that you document the move-in condition of the apartment by taking photos. In addition to the security deposit, the lease often requires that you pay your first and last month’s rent before moving in.
 
Number of Occupants
Your lease will very likely limit the number of occupants who can live in the property. During the term of your lease, the number of people living in the property cannot exceed the number of residents stated in the lease agreement.
 
Utilities
Your lease will specify which utilities like electricity, gas, and heating oil you are responsible for paying. In some leases, one or some of these expenses may be included in the rent. In others, you may be required to pay for all utilities. It is important to understand how your prospective rental property is heated and cooled, and the approximate amount you will pay for monthly utilities. The previous tenants, the landlord, or the utility company might be able to give you a general estimate of the average monthly cost of utilities at the property.
 
Other Costs
Sometimes, your lease may state that you are responsible for other costs and services, like garbage removal, water, snow removal, or yard maintenance. This is not common, but if required, these responsibilities will be written into the lease.
 
Rules
Written into the lease will be standard rules, as well as any specific rules the landlord may require that tenants follow. Common items on this list might include keeping common areas of the property clean, not making excessive noise, conserving energy, not keeping pets, not making any alterations to the apartment, not renting out to someone else (also called subletting), or installing a television antenna on the roof. It is important to read all the pages of the lease to understand what is allowed and what is not allowed in any rental property, and if you can agree to follow these rules during the time you would be living there.

Understanding a Lease When Renting an Apartment or a House 

What is Selective Service?
The Selective Service System is a program that ensures that the U.S. military can quickly activate a draft in case of a national emergency. Currently, there is no draft in the U.S., and military service is voluntary. Registering with Selective Service (which is not part of the U.S. Department of Defense) does not mean you are signing up for the armed services, it is simply adding your name to an official database of individuals potentially eligible for conscription.
 
Do Immigrants Need to Register?
With very few exceptions, all immigrant males between ages 18 and 25 are required by law to register with the Selective Service System within 30 days of arriving in the United States. This includes naturalized citizens, parolees, undocumented immigrants, legal permanent residents, asylum seekers, refugees, and all males with visas more than 30 days expired.  Men must register within 30 days of their 18th birthday, and late registrations are accepted up until a man reaches his 26th birthday. Note: The Selective Service does not collect or share any information which would indicate a man’s immigration status, either documented or undocumented.
 
How Do I Register?
Registering with the Selective Service System is fast and easy.
 
You can register online at: <a href="https://www.sss.gov/" target="_self">https://www.sss.gov/</a>
 
You can also go to the link below, fill out the form, print it and mail it to:
 
Selective Service System P.O. Box 94739 Palatine, IL 60094-4739
 
<a href="https://www.sss.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Form-1-Resized-3.22.pdf" target="_self">https://www.sss.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Form-1-Resized-3.22.pdf</a>
 
You are required to notify the Selective Service System of an address change within 10 days of moving, up until January 1st of the year you turn 26 years old. Men are no longer required to notify Selective Service of address changes once they are 26 years old or older. 
 
You can register without a social security number. To provide your social security number if you get one after you have registered, or update other personal information, you can call 847-688-6888 for assistance.
 
What Happens if I Don’t Register?
Not registering with the Selective Service System is a felony and may seriously affect your application for citizenship.  Individuals who don’t resister may be denied the following benefits for life:
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">State-based student loans and grant programs in 31 states</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Federal job training under the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (formerly Workforce Investment Act)</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">Federal (and many state and local) jobs</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="4" data-aria-level="1">Up to a 5-year delay of U.S. citizenship proceedings for immigrants</li>
</ul>

Registering With the Selective Service System 

<span class="NormalTextRun SCXW263694225 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|60","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>In the U.S., food shopping options and locations can vary based on where you live. To save money, it may be worth the time to travel further to a store with better prices and food selection. Sometimes, you may need to visit several types of stores to find the items you want. If you have a smartphone or access to a computer, you can use a map application like <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/" target="_self">Google Maps</a> to find locations where food is sold.
 
<span class="NormalTextRun SCXW266516237 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|60","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>These are common types of places in the U.S. to buy food:
<ul>
<li><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265144808 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|60","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>Supermarkets are usually the best option for buying almost any type of food at good prices. Weekly sales and coupons are published on supermarkets’ websites, phone apps, and newspaper flyers at the store. These stores often feature “international aisles,” where you might find food traditional to your country.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW81723437 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|60","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>Big-box stores are very big stores that sell food and just about anything else you might need, such as household goods or clothes. Often (though not always) the stores can be difficult to access using public transportation, but prices will be among the best you can find. Walmart and Target are examples of box stores that sell <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW81723437 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="contextualspellingandgrammarerror" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|62","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"contextualspellingandgrammarerror",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"contextualspellingandgrammarerror",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>food.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW260472061 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|60","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>Corner stores and convenience store chains are small neighborhood shops that sell necessities but usually charge higher prices because they are convenient and sometimes stay open 24 hours a day. Corner stores can be useful if you need several items or ingredients for a meal, but you should not use them for regular shopping.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW48535265 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|60","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>Specialty stores sell food, often specific to certain countries, cultures, or cuisines. You may find a specialty store near you that sells hard-to-find ingredients for meals and recipes popular in your country. Other specialty stores sell only certain types of food like cheese, spices, fish, meat, or sweets.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW145784782 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|60","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>Farmers markets are designated areas in towns or cities where farmers sell fresh fruits and vegetables. These markets are typically set up on a specific day of the week during growing seasons. In some warmer climates, farmers markets are open year-round. Though sometimes a little more expensive, these markets are a great place to get healthy, fresh, locally grown food. You can search online or ask a trusted community member if a farmers market operates near you.</li>
</ul>
<span class="NormalTextRun SCXW145784782 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|60","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207324061 BCX8" data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn='{"ObjectId":"387e7d5d-311e-4e33-91ef-dc781322c308|60","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}'>Remember: It’s always good to be aware of the food shopping options in your community. This knowledge can save you money and increase the quality of the food you purchase. With advice from your caseworker and neighbors, you can identify local stores and markets appropriate for your budget and diet.

A Guide To Shopping for Food in the U.S. 

A resume is a one-page summary of your skills, education, and work experience. You will present your resume to potential employers. You must spend time creating, proofreading, editing, and perfecting your resume to make yourself stand out from other job candidates.
 
A strong resume is the key that will open the door to good jobs. Don’t cheat yourself; work hard on it. Employers often receive hundreds of resumes for a single position. They do not have time to closely read every word on each resume. This increases the importance of the smallest details.
 
Your resume should be the best representation of you and your skills. Here are some tips to create a good resume:
 
<ul>
<li>Make it concise, factual, and positive, listing your education, employment history, and accomplishments. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Make sure your resume is perfect and ask someone to proofread it for you. It only takes one error in spelling, punctuation, or grammar to cause an employer to stop reading.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Limit your resume to one page.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">One-inch margins around the page and blank lines between sections will make the text easier to read. Use a 10-point font size minimum.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Highlight skills and abilities appropriate to the position.</li>
</ul>
 
Below is a sample resume:
 
<img src="https://signpost-settlein.zendesk.com/hc/article_attachments/6783866527005" alt="Screen_Shot_2022-09-14_at_3.51.01_PM.png" width="455" height="538">

Tips For Creating a Resume to Help Get a Good Job 

Owning a car in the U.S. is expensive and will likely be your second biggest expense after housing. To save money, always use public transportation as a primary source of transportation. If you do not have access to public transportation and must buy a car, it is important to understand the expenses involved in owning a car in the U.S.
 
Loans and Payments
The average cost of a new car in 2022 in the U.S. was reported to be about $48,000 and for a used car about $35,000. Most car owners will provide an initial cash down payment of 10-20% of the car’s cost, after which they then have a monthly loan payment. In 2022, the average monthly loan payment in the U.S. on a new car was about $700 a month and $500 for a used car. On top of that, almost every state charges sales tax on the purchase of a car. Though it varies by state, the average state sales tax in 2022 is around 6% of the car’s purchase price. 
 
Insurance
Insurance will most likely be the second biggest expense in owning a car. In the U.S., the cost of insurance can vary widely depending upon the state, your driving record and the amount of insurance coverage purchased. In 2022, average insurance payments across U.S. states ranged between about $900 and $1600 a year.
 
Repairs and Maintenance
You will have to spend money to maintain your car, from oil changes to tire replacements to windshield wiper replacements. If your car doesn’t have a warranty, unexpected major repairs can cost thousands of dollars plus the cost of towing it to a mechanic. Even if your car has a warranty, you will be responsible for the cost of repairs when the warranty expires.
 
Gas
If your car runs on gasoline, you will have to keep your tank filled. The price of gasoline goes up and down, but during 2022 it has averaged as high as $5 per gallon in the U.S. To get a better idea of how much you might spend on gasoline, if your car gets 20 miles to the gallon, at $5 per gallon, it will cost $25 in gas to drive 100 miles.
 
Registering Your Car
You will have to pay for license plates, title (a document that proves you are the owner of the car) and registering the car annually in your state. Depending on the state, registration fees range from around $20 to $225 a year. In some states, fees can also depend on factors like the age, weight, or the value of the car.
 
Inspection
To make sure your car is in good operating condition and meets air pollution standards, almost every state in the U.S. requires that you pay an annual inspection fee. State inspection fees across the U.S. average around $35 a year. If you fail inspection, you will have to spend money to fix the problem and sometimes pay another fee to verify that it is fixed.
 
Driver’s License Fees
You will have to pay for a driver’s license, and you may also have to pay for driving school in preparation for a road test. Depending on the state, driver’s licenses are generally valid for around 4-8 years, and then they must be renewed for a fee. But the initial cost across states averages around $50.
 
Parking
There will be times when you will pay for parking. If you park illegally, you may receive a ticket and be required to pay a fine. Some apartment buildings also charge residents for parking.
 
Tolls and Fees
In many parts of the U.S., you must pay to use roads and bridges. And, to reduce traffic and pollution, some cities in the U.S. are currently proposing “congestion pricing,” where you must pay a fee to drive in a city. 
 
Auto Property Taxes
About half the states in the U.S. now charge taxes each year based on the value of your car. If you live in a state with auto property taxes, for a car valued at $25,000, the tax could range from $25 a year (Louisiana) to as much as $1023 a year (Virginia).
 
Remember: as a rule, you should not spend more than 15-20% of your take-home household income on the total expenses of owning the car.  If it is an option, living near reliable public transportation and occasionally renting a car, using car share, and biking or walking are choices that can help you live a more financially responsible and less stressful life.

The Cost of Owning a Car in the U.S. 

If you have been paroled in the U.S., your parole status will automatically be terminated if:
<ul>
<li>You depart the United States without obtaining advance authorization to travel</li>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="3" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Your parole period expires</li>
</ul>
The DHS may decide to terminate your parole status if you violate any laws of the United States.
You must also report your physical address to United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) if you are in the U.S. longer than 30 days and update any change of address within 10 days of moving within the United States or its territories. 
Most parolees can change their address two different ways:
1. If you have already created a USCIS online account, you could use the USCIS Online Change of Address system by visiting: <a href="https://settleinus.org/life-in-the-u-s/education/" target="_self">https://www.uscis.gov/addresschange</a>
If you don’t have a USCIS online account, you can create one by visiting: <a href="https://my.uscis.gov/" target="_self">https://my.uscis.gov</a>. 
2. File a form AR-11 (Alien’s Change of Address Card) online by visiting: <a href="https://egov.uscis.gov/coa/displayCOAForm.do" target="_self">https://egov.uscis.gov/coa/displayCOAForm.do</a>. 
Filing Form AR-11 online will update your address on all pending applications, petitions, or requests that you include on the form. You do not need to mail Form AR-11 if you use the change of address webpage.

Important Information About Maintaining Humanitarian Parole Status 

Public education for children is free and mandatory in the United States. Though state laws vary, you should enroll your child in school within 30 days of arrival. The enrollment or registration process can vary widely by state and may happen at the school or district office. During registration, schools collect important information about your child, including their name, birthdate, previous learning records, proof of residency, and vaccination records. You may also be asked to complete a home language survey. All this information is private. Schools should notify you prior to sharing this information with anyone.
 
To prepare for the registration process, gather the following documents and information:
<ul>
<li>Proof of residency and current address (utility bill, rental agreement, etc.)</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Health and vaccination records</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Proof of name and age (birth certificate, I-94 Form, passport, etc.)</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Any education records or school transcripts</li>
</ul>
As a parent or caregiver, you can access translation and interpretation services at any meeting with teachers. In addition, public schools provide language support to families that request it, and school programs, services, materials, and activities should be communicated in multiple languages.
 
A sponsor or local resettlement agency can help you navigate the required steps in your school district’s enrollment process. 
 
Learn more about education in the United States on the Settle In website:  
<a href="https://settleinus.org/life-in-the-u-s/education/" target="_self">https://settleinus.org/life-in-the-u-s/education/</a>

Enrolling Your Child in School 

<div class="SCXW76499 BCX0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: ' Segoe UI' , ' Segoe UI Web' , Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">
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If you have been granted humanitarian parole under Uniting For Ukraine, effective November 21, 2022 you are eligible to work in the United States immediately while you wait for your Employment Authorization Document (EAD). If you were paroled into the U.S. after November 23, 2023 you must apply for and receive employment authorization from United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) BEFORE you can work.
 
This policy applies to Ukrainian parolees whose unexpired Form I-94:
Is marked“UHP”
or
Is marked “DT” and was issued between February. 24, 2022, and September,. 30, 2023
and
Indicates Ukraine as the country of citizenship on the document
 
While you can work immediately if you were granted parole status before November 23, 2023, to continue to work legally, you still need to submit Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization with United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). If your application is approved, you will be issued an Employment Authorization Document (EAD). If you already have an EAD, you do not need to do anything.
 
How to Apply for an EAD
To apply for employment authorization, you can submit Form I-765 either by mail or online through the USCIS website. To file online visit <a href="https://my.uscis.gov/">my.uscis.gov</a>, create a USCIS online account and submit Form I-765. There is no cost to create an account, which offers a variety of features, including the ability to communicate with USCIS about your application through a secure inbox. Effective November 21, 2022, there is no fee to submit an INITIAL Form I-765 by mail and effective December 5, 2022, there is no fee to submit the form online.
 
Information on Applying for Jobs
When you apply for a job, you will be required by the employer to fill out form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification. Form I-9 includes a list of documents a prospective employee can provide to verify they are eligible to work. Under the new rules, your unexpired Form I-94, Arrival/Departure Record, with a class of admission (COA) of “UHP” can be substituted for an EAD as a List A document. Within 90 days of hire you must provide your employer with your unexpired Employment Authorization Document (EAD). When your EAD expires, you must provide an updated document to show your eligibility to continue working in the United States. USCIS will provide additional guidance to employers about completion of Form I-9.
 
If a potential employer insists they need your EAD or isn’t aware of this new change, parolees can share this link to the USCIS website that explains the change:  <a href="https://www.e-verify.gov/about-e-verify/whats-new/certain-afghan-and-ukrainian-parolees-are-employment-authorized-incident">https://www.e-verify.gov/about-e-verify/whats-new/certain-afghan-and-ukrainian-parolees-are-employment-authorized-incident</a>. 
 
If they still do not accept the substitute document, call the Immigrant and Employee Rights Section's (IER) toll-free Worker Hotline at 1-800-255-7688 [Voice] or 1-800-237-2515 [TTY]. IER helps workers by calling employers and explaining proper verification practices. Interpretation is available on the hotline upon request.
<a href="https://www.justice.gov/crt/immigrant-and-employee-rights-section%E2%80%AF">https://www.justice.gov/crt/immigrant-and-employee-rights-section </a>
 
For more information, visit:  <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/ukraine">https://www.uscis.gov/ukraine</a>  
 
If you need help or have any questions, you can call the International Rescue Committee's Virtual Resettlement Line at +1 (212) 551-3010 to speak with Ukrainian-speaking staff or email VRL@rescue.org. The support line hours are Monday-Friday 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Eastern Time (EST/EDT).  
</div>
</div>

Employment Authorization for Ukrainian Parolees 

Do not become the victim of an immigration scam. If you need legal advice on immigration matters, make sure that the person helping you is authorized to give legal advice. You should only get legal advice from attorneys and accredited representatives from organizations recognized by the United States Department of Justice.
 
Visit the page below for a list of attorneys and organizations in cities and states across the U.S that are recognized by the United States Department of Justice. A local resettlement agency can also help you find an accredited attorney and assist with language barriers.
 
<a href="https://www.justice.gov/eoir/recognized-organizations-and-accredited-representatives-roster-state-and-city">https://www.justice.gov/eoir/recognized-organizations-and-accredited-representatives-roster-state-and-city</a>

   Avoid Scams When Seeking Legal Immigration Advice 

Every state in the U.S. requires children to be vaccinated against certain communicable diseases as a condition for school attendance. Your child will not be able to attend school without medical certification that they are vaccinated and up to date on boosters against the diseases required in the state you live. 
 
While vaccinations required vary by location, most states in the U.S. require the following vaccines for student enrollment from kindergarten to grade 12:
 
<ul>
<li>Polio</li>
<li>MMR (Measles, Mumps and Rubella)</li>
<li>Chickenpox</li>
<li>DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis)</li>
</ul>
 
Depending on the state or city in which you plan to enroll your child in school, additional vaccinations may also be required. 
 
To find out more about vaccinations required for school enrollment or if there might be low-cost or free vaccination resources in your area, message us.

Childhood Vaccination Requirements for Students in the U.S. 

August, 2022
 
Afghan nationals in the U.S. should be advised that travel outside of the U.S. for any reason may have serious impact on their ability to return to the U.S. and/or to obtain permanent status such as asylum in the U.S. Below are some important things to consider before traveling outside of the U.S. If you have any questions or concerns about traveling, you should talk to an authorized immigration legal representative or attorney prior to departing the U.S.
Parole and Travel
<ul>
<li>If you received parole under Operation Allies Welcome (OAW) and you depart the U.S. without travel permission, you will lose parole status, and you will not be able to re-enter the U.S.</li>
</ul>
Temporary Protected Status (TPS) &amp; Travel
<ul>
<li>If you have TPS you may be able to apply for a TPS travel permit allowing you to travel outside the U.S.  However, if you use a TPS travel permit to return to Afghanistan, or if you use your Afghan passport to travel to any country, you will likely be disqualified from asylum. </li>
<li>If you have TPS and leave the U.S. without first getting a TPS travel permit, you may lose TPS and you may not be able to re-enter the U.S.</li>
<li>If you have a pending TPS application and leave the U.S. without first getting advance parole, USCIS may deny your application for TPS, and you may not be able to re-enter the U.S. Also, if you depart the U.S. while your request for TPS is still pending, you may miss important notices or requests for additional evidence, which may result in denial of TPS.</li>
</ul>
Asylum and Travel
<ul>
<li>To qualify for asylum, you must show that you cannot return to Afghanistan for fear of harm or persecution by the current government (the Taliban) because of your race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion. By traveling back to Afghanistan, even if it is just for a short visit, you are showing that you do not fear persecution there.
</li>
<li>Even if your asylum application has been approved, or you have adjusted your status from asylum to permanent residence (Green Card), and you return to Afghanistan before you become a U.S. citizen, your asylum and green card could be revoked. This is because, by returning to Afghanistan, even if it is just for a short visit, you are demonstrating that either you did not really fear returning when you applied for asylum, or that you no longer fear returning.</li>
</ul>
Other Considerations
<ul>
<li>If at any time before becoming a U.S. citizen, you have been arrested or convicted of a crime in the U.S. check with an immigration attorney or legal representative before you travel. Certain criminal conduct will prevent you from re-entry into the U.S.</li>
<li>Long absences from the U.S. may impact your ability to get or keep permanent resident status or get U.S. citizenship.</li>
<li>We encourage you to read and understand the travel warnings in the instructions for USCIS Form I-131, Application for Travel Document, before you apply for a travel document. You are encouraged to seek legal advice before you travel, even if your travel document is approved.</li>
</ul>

Travel Considerations for Afghans in the United States

Are you a Ukrainian humanitarian parolee in the United States? Do you have questions or need information on employment authorization, benefit eligibility, medical insurance, and other topics? 
 
If you need help or have any questions, you can call the International Rescue Committee's Virtual Resettlement Line (VRL) at +1 (212) 551-3010 or email VRL@rescue.org. Services are available in Ukrainian, Russian and English. The support line hours are Monday-Friday 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Eastern Time (EST/EDT). 
 
The Virtual Resettlement Line is a one-stop resource for any Ukrainian humanitarian  parolees who are not yet connected to a resettlement agency or who are struggling to access  benefits or resources in their community.

Phone and Email Support for Ukrainian Parolees Available

Some information in this article might be outdated. Please check out the important update about government benefits for Ukrainian newcomers: 
<a href="https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/14141624907037">https://www.settlein.support/en-us/articles/14141624907037</a>
 
If you are a Ukrainian or non-Ukrainian displaced from Ukraine and paroled into the United States, you are likely eligible for Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) benefits. The ORR works through the states and other non-governmental organizations to help cover the costs of food, housing, health, and other basic needs. If eligible, a local resettlement agency can help you identify appropriate programs and apply.
 
What benefit programs are Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolees eligible for? 
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)</li>
</ul>
Supplements the food budget of needy families or individuals so they can purchase healthy food and move towards self-sufficiency.
 
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)</li>
</ul>
Helps low-income families with children achieve economic self-sufficiency. States use TANF to fund monthly cash assistance payments to low-income families with children, as well as a wide range of services.
 
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Refugee Cash Assistance (RCA)</li>
</ul>
Helps refugees without children pay their bills while they search for work. 
 
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Supplemental Security Income (SSI)</li>
</ul>
Provides funds to meet basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter. It is only available if you are over 65, if you are blind, or if you are mentally or physically disabled and can’t work.
 
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Medicaid</li>
</ul>
Helps families and individuals with the cost of doctor visits and healthcare. 
 
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="1" aria-setsize="-1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Refugee Medical Assistance (RMA) </li>
</ul>
Those not eligible for Medicaid may receive up to 12 months of RMA from their date of eligibility. RMA provides the same health insurance coverage as Medicaid.
 
When would I be eligible for benefits?
 
The initial date of eligibility for Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolees and other non-Ukrainian individuals displaced from Ukraine for benefits and services is May 21, 2022, or the individual’s date of humanitarian parole, whichever is later.   
 
If an individual from either of these populations was paroled and entered the United States between February 24, 2022, and May 21, 2022, their date of eligibility is May 21, 2022. If they entered the United States after May 21, 2022, their date of eligibility is their date of humanitarian parole. 
 
How long do the benefits last?
Depending on the benefit or service, the length of eligibility ranges from up to 12 months to the end of the individual’s parole term, unless otherwise amended by law or the individual gains another ORR-eligible category or status. 
 
If a Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolee or other non-Ukrainian individual displaced from Ukraine applies for and obtains Temporary Protected Status (TPS), the individual will remain eligible for ORR benefits and services until the end of the individual’s parole term.

What Benefits and Services are Available for Ukrainian Humanitarian Parolees in the U.S.?

When you travel on an airplane, it's important to ensure you stay safe and are respectful of your fellow passengers. Follow these air travel tips to make your trip easier, more enjoyable and comfortable.
 
1. Be on time for your flight. At some airports, it takes three or more hours to go through security and arrive at your gate.
 
2. Keep your seatbelt on until the signal is turned off on the plane.
 
3. Respect other passengers’ personal space.
 
4. Each plane has staff (flight attendants) to assist you with finding your seat, provide you with water or meals on longer flights, and blankets in case you're cold.
 
5. Stand up to let people out of their seats. You're allowed to leave your seat and stretch your feet by walking the aisle if the seatbelt sign is off.
 
6. There are often multiple bathrooms on the plane with signs that show if they are "occupied" or "vacant."
 
7. You must accompany your children at all times (at the airport, on a plane, and in waiting areas). You can bring toys or books to keep them entertained during flights.
 8. Don't rush into the aisle when the plane lands.
 9. Help keep the plane clean by giving your trash to the flight attendants when they come to collect it.

Flight Etiquette for Airports and Planes

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